The association between different timeframes of air pollution exposure and COVID-19 incidence, morbidity and mortality in German counties in 2020
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| Titel: | The association between different timeframes of air pollution exposure and COVID-19 incidence, morbidity and mortality in German counties in 2020 |
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| Autoren: | Sophie Hermanns, Erika von Schneidemesser, Alexandre Caseiro, Susanne Koch |
| Quelle: | Environ Health Environmental Health, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2024) Environmental health |
| Verlagsinformationen: | Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024. |
| Publikationsjahr: | 2024 |
| Schlagwörter: | Air Pollutants/analysis, Male, Adult, Time Factors, Nitrogen Dioxide, Germany/epidemiology, Air pollution, Particulate Matter/analysis, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Mechanical ventilation, 0302 clinical medicine, Germany, Air Pollution, Short-term exposure, Humans, Intensive care medicine, Mortality, Nitrogen dioxide, Aged, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, COVID-19/mortality, Air Pollutants, SARS-CoV-2, Long-term exposure, Research, Incidence, COVID-19, Environmental Exposure, Air Pollution/adverse effects, Middle Aged, Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene, RC963-969, Aged [MeSH], Environmental Exposure/adverse effects [MeSH], Particulate matter, Particulate Matter/adverse effects [MeSH], Germany/epidemiology [MeSH], COVID-19/mortality [MeSH], Male [MeSH], Nitrogen Dioxide/analysis [MeSH], Air Pollutants/analysis [MeSH], COVID-19/epidemiology [MeSH], SARS-CoV-2 [MeSH], Female [MeSH], Adult [MeSH], Humans [MeSH], Incidence [MeSH], Particulate Matter/analysis [MeSH], Middle Aged [MeSH], Cross-Sectional Studies [MeSH], Time Factors [MeSH], Air Pollution/adverse effects [MeSH], Morbidity [MeSH], Air Pollutants/adverse effects [MeSH], Cross-Sectional Studies, Particulate Matter, Female, Nitrogen Dioxide/analysis, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Morbidity, Environmental Exposure/adverse effects |
| Beschreibung: | Background Ambient air pollution is a known risk factor for several chronic health conditions, including pulmonary dysfunction. In recent years, studies have shown a positive association between exposure to air pollutants and the incidence, morbidity, and mortality of a COVID-19 infection, however the time period for which air pollution exposure is most relevant for the COVID-19 outcome is still not defined. The aim of this study was to analyze the difference in association when varying the time period of air pollution exposure considered on COVID-19 infection within the same cohort during the first wave of the pandemic in 2020. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study analyzing the association between long- (10- and 2-years) and short-term (28 days, 7 days, and 2 days) exposure to NO2 and PM2.5 on SARS-CoV-2 incidence, morbidity, and mortality at the level of county during the first outbreak of the pandemic in spring 2020. Health data were extracted from the German national public health institute (Robert-Koch-Institute) and from the German Interdisciplinary Association for Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine. Air pollution data were taken from the APExpose dataset (version 2.0). We used negative binomial models, including adjustment for risk factors (age, sex, days since first COVID-19 case, population density, socio-economic and health parameters). Results We found that PM2.5 and NO2 exposure 28 days before COVID-19 infection had the highest association with infection, morbidity as well as mortality, as compared to long-term or short-term (2 or 7 days) air pollutant exposure. A 1 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with a 31.7% increase in incidence, a 20.6% need for ICU treatment, a 23.1% need for mechanical ventilation, and a 55.3% increase in mortality; an increase of 1 μg/m3 of NO2 was associated with an increase for all outcomes by 25.2 – 29.4%. Conclusions Our findings show a positive association between PM2.5 and NO2 exposure and the clinical course of a SARS-CoV2 infection, with the strongest association to 28 days of exposure to air pollution. This finding provides an indication as to the primary underlying pathophysiology, and can therefore help to improve the resilience of societies by implementing adequate measures to reduce the air pollutant impact on health outcomes. Trial registration Not applicable. |
| Publikationsart: | Article Other literature type |
| Dateibeschreibung: | application/pdf |
| Sprache: | English |
| ISSN: | 1476-069X |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s12940-024-01149-0 |
| Zugangs-URL: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39725968 https://doaj.org/article/da538929c0854affa9abb26807415258 https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/da/publications/68f716aa-079a-43fc-929a-ba3812836927 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-024-01149-0 https://repository.publisso.de/resource/frl:6506777 https://publications.rifs-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_6003876_1/component/file_6003878/6003876-suppl.pdf https://publications.rifs-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_6003876 https://publications.rifs-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_6003876_1/component/file_6003877/6003876.pdf |
| Rights: | CC BY |
| Dokumentencode: | edsair.doi.dedup.....9a2e9ca8dd93690f3c79acfcec05e753 |
| Datenbank: | OpenAIRE |
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Nájsť tento článok vo Web of Science | Abstract: | Background Ambient air pollution is a known risk factor for several chronic health conditions, including pulmonary dysfunction. In recent years, studies have shown a positive association between exposure to air pollutants and the incidence, morbidity, and mortality of a COVID-19 infection, however the time period for which air pollution exposure is most relevant for the COVID-19 outcome is still not defined. The aim of this study was to analyze the difference in association when varying the time period of air pollution exposure considered on COVID-19 infection within the same cohort during the first wave of the pandemic in 2020. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study analyzing the association between long- (10- and 2-years) and short-term (28 days, 7 days, and 2 days) exposure to NO2 and PM2.5 on SARS-CoV-2 incidence, morbidity, and mortality at the level of county during the first outbreak of the pandemic in spring 2020. Health data were extracted from the German national public health institute (Robert-Koch-Institute) and from the German Interdisciplinary Association for Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine. Air pollution data were taken from the APExpose dataset (version 2.0). We used negative binomial models, including adjustment for risk factors (age, sex, days since first COVID-19 case, population density, socio-economic and health parameters). Results We found that PM2.5 and NO2 exposure 28 days before COVID-19 infection had the highest association with infection, morbidity as well as mortality, as compared to long-term or short-term (2 or 7 days) air pollutant exposure. A 1 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with a 31.7% increase in incidence, a 20.6% need for ICU treatment, a 23.1% need for mechanical ventilation, and a 55.3% increase in mortality; an increase of 1 μg/m3 of NO2 was associated with an increase for all outcomes by 25.2 – 29.4%. Conclusions Our findings show a positive association between PM2.5 and NO2 exposure and the clinical course of a SARS-CoV2 infection, with the strongest association to 28 days of exposure to air pollution. This finding provides an indication as to the primary underlying pathophysiology, and can therefore help to improve the resilience of societies by implementing adequate measures to reduce the air pollutant impact on health outcomes. Trial registration Not applicable. |
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| ISSN: | 1476069X |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s12940-024-01149-0 |