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Inequities in glaucoma research: an analysis of Cochrane systematic reviews and randomized trials

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Názov: Inequities in glaucoma research: an analysis of Cochrane systematic reviews and randomized trials
Autori: Mostafa Bondok, Omar Dewidar, Abdullah Al-Ani, Rishika Selvakumar, Edsel Ing, Jacqueline Ramke, Christian El-Hadad, Karim F. Damji, Tianjing Li, Vivian Welch
Zdroj: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 181:111717
Informácie o vydavateľovi: Elsevier BV, 2025.
Rok vydania: 2025
Popis: To understand the level of equity considerations within Cochrane systematic reviews (CSR) on glaucoma and their primary studies.A review of equity considerations in systematic reviews on glaucoma published in The Cochrane Library from inception (2003) to January 31, 2024 and a sample of recently published primary studies included in those reviews (n = 122). Extraction was performed by two independent reviewers using a prepiloted extraction form based on a validated, contemporary, structured equity framework. If consensus could not be reached, a third reviewer was involved.A total of 40 CSRs on glaucoma were identified, all of which exclusively included randomized control trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs. Twenty-nine (72.5%) reviews acknowledged populations experiencing inequities in glaucoma care; none were able to perform subgroup analysis due to data unavailability in primary studies. Six (15.0%) reviews considered equity-relevant factors when discussing applicability or limitations of study findings to specific populations. Seventy-four (46.8%) review authors were women, while 84 (53.2%) were men. Most review authors were primarily affiliated with institutions in the European Region (85, 53.8%) or the Americas (55, 34.8%), while none were primarily affiliated with institutions in Africa or low-income countries. Most RCTs were conducted in the Americas (32.8%), European Region (27.9%), or in high-income countries (72.1%). While most RCTs reported gender or sex of participants (107, 87.7%), only half reported race or ethnicity (61, 50.0%). No RCTs reported place of residence, occupation, socioeconomic status (SES), or social capital of participants. Approximately half (51.7%) of the participants in these RCTs were female.Equity considerations can be better addressed in research on glaucoma. Reporting of patient sociodemographic in RCTs, particularly race and ethnicity, as well as global representation were insufficient. This may limit the generalizability and applicability of intervention efficacy to populations experiencing inequities and people from low-income countries.
Druh dokumentu: Article
Jazyk: English
ISSN: 0895-4356
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2025.111717
Prístupová URL adresa: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39929324
Rights: Elsevier TDM
Prístupové číslo: edsair.doi.dedup.....85366ee6d93aced66b2de333fbb770d7
Databáza: OpenAIRE
Popis
Abstrakt:To understand the level of equity considerations within Cochrane systematic reviews (CSR) on glaucoma and their primary studies.A review of equity considerations in systematic reviews on glaucoma published in The Cochrane Library from inception (2003) to January 31, 2024 and a sample of recently published primary studies included in those reviews (n = 122). Extraction was performed by two independent reviewers using a prepiloted extraction form based on a validated, contemporary, structured equity framework. If consensus could not be reached, a third reviewer was involved.A total of 40 CSRs on glaucoma were identified, all of which exclusively included randomized control trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs. Twenty-nine (72.5%) reviews acknowledged populations experiencing inequities in glaucoma care; none were able to perform subgroup analysis due to data unavailability in primary studies. Six (15.0%) reviews considered equity-relevant factors when discussing applicability or limitations of study findings to specific populations. Seventy-four (46.8%) review authors were women, while 84 (53.2%) were men. Most review authors were primarily affiliated with institutions in the European Region (85, 53.8%) or the Americas (55, 34.8%), while none were primarily affiliated with institutions in Africa or low-income countries. Most RCTs were conducted in the Americas (32.8%), European Region (27.9%), or in high-income countries (72.1%). While most RCTs reported gender or sex of participants (107, 87.7%), only half reported race or ethnicity (61, 50.0%). No RCTs reported place of residence, occupation, socioeconomic status (SES), or social capital of participants. Approximately half (51.7%) of the participants in these RCTs were female.Equity considerations can be better addressed in research on glaucoma. Reporting of patient sociodemographic in RCTs, particularly race and ethnicity, as well as global representation were insufficient. This may limit the generalizability and applicability of intervention efficacy to populations experiencing inequities and people from low-income countries.
ISSN:08954356
DOI:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2025.111717