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Gendered socio-economic and mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic among adults living in selected informal settlements in Kenya: an intersectional analysis: an intersectional analysis

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Názov: Gendered socio-economic and mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic among adults living in selected informal settlements in Kenya: an intersectional analysis: an intersectional analysis
Autori: Daniel M. Mwanga, Henry Owoko Odero, Damazo T. Kadengye, Sally Atieno Odunga, Eva Muluve, Bylhah Mugotitsa, Ruth Nanjekho Wafubwa, Karen Austrian, Sylvia Kiwuwa-Muyingo
Zdroj: Front Public Health
Frontiers in Public Health, Vol 12 (2024)
Informácie o vydavateľovi: Frontiers Media SA, 2024.
Rok vydania: 2024
Predmety: Male, Adult, Pandemics/economics, Adolescent, Depression/epidemiology, Kenya/epidemiology, Anxiety Disorders/epidemiology, Health Services Accessibility, income loss, Young Adult, access to health services, Sex Factors, Mental Health/statistics & numerical data, food insecurity, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Pandemics, COVID-19/epidemiology, Depression, Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data, COVID-19, Middle Aged, Kenya, Anxiety Disorders, Food Insecurity, Mental Health, Socioeconomic Factors, Female, Public Health, gender intersectionality, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, mental health
Popis: BackgroundCOVID-19 pandemic had devastating socio-economic and health effects, including mental health. This study examines the intersectionality between gender and mental health outcomes among Kenyan adults in informal settlements of Nairobi, Kisumu, and Kilifi Counties during the COVID-19 crisis. This is necessary to inform mental health response in case of another pandemic.MethodsWe analyzed data collected in a longitudinal survey between July 2020 (fourth round) and February 2021 (fifth round). The data covered COVID-19-related effects on job loss, food insecurity, access to health services, and mental health. Participants were randomly sampled from existing cohorts at the Population Council. The outcomes of interest were depressive and anxiety disorders, combined into a binary composite outcome variable. Descriptive statistics included means for continuous variables and frequencies and proportions for categorical variables. Chi-square tests were used to examine the differences between groups. The relationship between the gendered COVID-19 socio-economic effects and participants’ mental health was examined using modified Poisson regression.ResultsA total of 4,050 participants were interviewed, 66% female and median age 38 [interquartile range (IQR): 29–46]. Complete income loss was strongly associated with negative mental health outcomes in multiple intersections with varied magnitudes. The association was larger among older females (≥50 years) (PR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.17–1.51, p p p p p p ConclusionWe observed significant gender differences in the prevalence of depressive symptoms and anxiety disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic, underscoring the importance of socio-economic factors and health services access in shaping mental health outcomes. Interventions targeting pandemic-related mental health issues should be gender-sensitive and address economic vulnerabilities such as job losses and food insecurity. Policies to mitigate these effects, especially for at-risk groups are crucial for reducing mental health burden in future crises.
Druh dokumentu: Article
Other literature type
ISSN: 2296-2565
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1469091
Prístupová URL adresa: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39534737
https://doaj.org/article/a57f9b7a07544e0fb702c2ee0e7df2c6
Rights: CC BY
Prístupové číslo: edsair.doi.dedup.....7cfa1eaffdf239d406e6bd67a8187d5c
Databáza: OpenAIRE
Popis
Abstrakt:BackgroundCOVID-19 pandemic had devastating socio-economic and health effects, including mental health. This study examines the intersectionality between gender and mental health outcomes among Kenyan adults in informal settlements of Nairobi, Kisumu, and Kilifi Counties during the COVID-19 crisis. This is necessary to inform mental health response in case of another pandemic.MethodsWe analyzed data collected in a longitudinal survey between July 2020 (fourth round) and February 2021 (fifth round). The data covered COVID-19-related effects on job loss, food insecurity, access to health services, and mental health. Participants were randomly sampled from existing cohorts at the Population Council. The outcomes of interest were depressive and anxiety disorders, combined into a binary composite outcome variable. Descriptive statistics included means for continuous variables and frequencies and proportions for categorical variables. Chi-square tests were used to examine the differences between groups. The relationship between the gendered COVID-19 socio-economic effects and participants’ mental health was examined using modified Poisson regression.ResultsA total of 4,050 participants were interviewed, 66% female and median age 38 [interquartile range (IQR): 29–46]. Complete income loss was strongly associated with negative mental health outcomes in multiple intersections with varied magnitudes. The association was larger among older females (≥50 years) (PR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.17–1.51, p p p p p p ConclusionWe observed significant gender differences in the prevalence of depressive symptoms and anxiety disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic, underscoring the importance of socio-economic factors and health services access in shaping mental health outcomes. Interventions targeting pandemic-related mental health issues should be gender-sensitive and address economic vulnerabilities such as job losses and food insecurity. Policies to mitigate these effects, especially for at-risk groups are crucial for reducing mental health burden in future crises.
ISSN:22962565
DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1469091