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Influence of anthropogenic activities on metals, sugars and PAHs in PM10 in the city of Fez, Morocco: Implications on air quality

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Názov: Influence of anthropogenic activities on metals, sugars and PAHs in PM10 in the city of Fez, Morocco: Implications on air quality
Autori: Nabil Deabji, Khanneh Wadinga Fomba, Eduardo José dos Santos Souza, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Hartmut Herrmann
Zdroj: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
Informácie o vydavateľovi: Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024.
Rok vydania: 2024
Predmety: Atmospheric Science, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, FOS: Mechanical engineering, Organic chemistry, Estimating Vehicle Fuel Consumption and Emissions, Health Effects of Air Pollution, Biochemistry, Gene, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Biomass burning, Morocco [MeSH], PAHs, Air quality, Seasons [MeSH], Particulate matter, Humans [MeSH], Particulate Matter/analysis [MeSH], Traffic emissions, Trace metals, Air Pollution/analysis [MeSH], Air Pollutants/analysis [MeSH], Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis [MeSH], Sugar compounds, Vehicle Emissions/analysis [MeSH], Research Article, Environmental Monitoring/methods [MeSH], Sugars [MeSH], Anthropogenic Effects [MeSH], Engineering, Atmospheric Aerosols and their Impacts, 11. Sustainability, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Vehicle Emissions, Air Pollutants, Geography, Ecology, Anthropogenic Effects, Air quality index, Pollution, 6. Clean water, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Morocco, Particulates, Chemistry, Physical Sciences, Environmental chemistry, Seasons, Environmental Monitoring, Air pollution, Environmental engineering, Environmental science, Air Quality, 12. Responsible consumption, Meteorology, Air Pollution, Humans, Aerosol, Biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, FOS: Environmental engineering, 15. Life on land, Dominance (genetics), 13. Climate action, FOS: Biological sciences, Environmental Science, Automotive Engineering, Particulate Matter, Sugars, Road dust
Popis: Particulate matter (PM) is an important component in the atmosphere, affecting air quality, health, radiation balance, and global climate. To assess regional air quality in the city of Fez, an intensive field campaign was carried out in the autumn of 2019 in the Middle Atlas region of Morocco. Aerosol sampling was performed simultaneously at two urban sites in the city of Fez: (1) Fez University (FU), a sub-urban site, and (2) Fez Parc (FP), an urban site located in the city center of Fez, using PM10 collectors. Various laboratory analyses were carried out, including PM mass, trace metals, inorganic ions, OC/EC, sugar compounds, and PAHs. The results indicate that the PM10 mass (61 ng m−3) was comparable at both sites, with a 37–107 ng m−3 range. Most of the 19 investigated PAHs at the FU site (10.2 ± 6.2 ng m−3) were low-molecular-weight PAHs, while the most abundant PAHs at the FP site (6.9 ± 3.8 ng m−3) were mainly higher-molecular-weight PAHs. A diagnostic ratio analysis at both sites indicated that PAHs originated from fossil fuel combustion and traffic emissions from diesel engines, with Ant/(Ant + Phe) and Flu/(Flu + Pyr) ratios averaging 0.22 and 0.84, respectively. PMF analysis identified traffic emissions as a major source (30%), with secondary inorganic aerosols (20%) and biomass burning (14%). Polar plots highlight the dominance of local anthropogenic activities in PM pollution, with vehicular emissions, industrial activities, and biomass burning. This study shows that local sources and combustion processes significantly contribute to PM10 sources in Morocco, providing insights into air pollution mitigation in North Africa.
Druh dokumentu: Article
Other literature type
Jazyk: English
ISSN: 1614-7499
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32740-0
DOI: 10.60692/4enjs-s3605
DOI: 10.60692/xtskv-j5k77
Prístupová URL adresa: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38468011
https://repository.publisso.de/resource/frl:6504261
Rights: CC BY
Prístupové číslo: edsair.doi.dedup.....779d0e6e07260d58148d66bdca7fddd0
Databáza: OpenAIRE
Popis
Abstrakt:Particulate matter (PM) is an important component in the atmosphere, affecting air quality, health, radiation balance, and global climate. To assess regional air quality in the city of Fez, an intensive field campaign was carried out in the autumn of 2019 in the Middle Atlas region of Morocco. Aerosol sampling was performed simultaneously at two urban sites in the city of Fez: (1) Fez University (FU), a sub-urban site, and (2) Fez Parc (FP), an urban site located in the city center of Fez, using PM10 collectors. Various laboratory analyses were carried out, including PM mass, trace metals, inorganic ions, OC/EC, sugar compounds, and PAHs. The results indicate that the PM10 mass (61 ng m−3) was comparable at both sites, with a 37–107 ng m−3 range. Most of the 19 investigated PAHs at the FU site (10.2 ± 6.2 ng m−3) were low-molecular-weight PAHs, while the most abundant PAHs at the FP site (6.9 ± 3.8 ng m−3) were mainly higher-molecular-weight PAHs. A diagnostic ratio analysis at both sites indicated that PAHs originated from fossil fuel combustion and traffic emissions from diesel engines, with Ant/(Ant + Phe) and Flu/(Flu + Pyr) ratios averaging 0.22 and 0.84, respectively. PMF analysis identified traffic emissions as a major source (30%), with secondary inorganic aerosols (20%) and biomass burning (14%). Polar plots highlight the dominance of local anthropogenic activities in PM pollution, with vehicular emissions, industrial activities, and biomass burning. This study shows that local sources and combustion processes significantly contribute to PM10 sources in Morocco, providing insights into air pollution mitigation in North Africa.
ISSN:16147499
DOI:10.1007/s11356-024-32740-0