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Assessing the Capabilities of Generative Pretrained Transformer-4 in Addressing Open-Ended Inquiries of Oral Cancer

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Bibliographic Details
Title: Assessing the Capabilities of Generative Pretrained Transformer-4 in Addressing Open-Ended Inquiries of Oral Cancer
Authors: Kaiyuan Ji, Jing Han, Guangtao Zhai, Jiannan Liu
Source: Int Dent J
International Dental Journal, Vol 75, Iss 1, Pp 158-165 (2025)
Publisher Information: Elsevier BV, 2025.
Publication Year: 2025
Subject Terms: Artificial intelligence, Oral health, Scientific Research Report, Education tool, GPT-4, Oral cancer, Dentistry, RK1-715
Description: In the face of escalating oral cancer rates, the application of large language models like Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT)-4 presents a novel pathway for enhancing public awareness about prevention and early detection. This research aims to explore the capabilities and possibilities of GPT-4 in addressing open-ended inquiries in the field of oral cancer.Using 60 questions accompanied by reference answers, covering concepts, causes, treatments, nutrition, and other aspects of oral cancer, evaluators from diverse backgrounds were selected to evaluate the capabilities of GPT-4 and a customized version. A P value under .05 was considered significant.Analysis revealed that GPT-4 and its adaptations notably excelled in answering open-ended questions, with the majority of responses receiving high scores. Although the median score for standard GPT-4 was marginally better, statistical tests showed no significant difference in capabilities between the two models (P > .05). Despite statistical significance indicated diverse backgrounds of evaluators have statistically difference (P < .05), a post hoc test and comprehensive analysis demonstrated that both editions of GPT-4 demonstrated equivalent capabilities in answering questions concerning oral cancer.GPT-4 has demonstrated its capability to furnish responses to open-ended inquiries concerning oral cancer. Utilizing this advanced technology to boost public awareness about oral cancer is viable and has much potential. When it's unable to locate pertinent information, it will resort to their inherent knowledge base or recommend consulting professionals after offering some basic information. Therefore, it cannot supplant the expertise and clinical judgment of surgical oncologists and could be used as an adjunctive evaluation tool.
Document Type: Article
Other literature type
Language: English
ISSN: 0020-6539
DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.06.024
Access URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39098480
https://doaj.org/article/a918a6cd36ce4b398ca060d570e3128d
Rights: CC BY NC ND
Accession Number: edsair.doi.dedup.....6ffab2a5ef8168b9f00e104fb8b57e56
Database: OpenAIRE
Description
Abstract:In the face of escalating oral cancer rates, the application of large language models like Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT)-4 presents a novel pathway for enhancing public awareness about prevention and early detection. This research aims to explore the capabilities and possibilities of GPT-4 in addressing open-ended inquiries in the field of oral cancer.Using 60 questions accompanied by reference answers, covering concepts, causes, treatments, nutrition, and other aspects of oral cancer, evaluators from diverse backgrounds were selected to evaluate the capabilities of GPT-4 and a customized version. A P value under .05 was considered significant.Analysis revealed that GPT-4 and its adaptations notably excelled in answering open-ended questions, with the majority of responses receiving high scores. Although the median score for standard GPT-4 was marginally better, statistical tests showed no significant difference in capabilities between the two models (P > .05). Despite statistical significance indicated diverse backgrounds of evaluators have statistically difference (P < .05), a post hoc test and comprehensive analysis demonstrated that both editions of GPT-4 demonstrated equivalent capabilities in answering questions concerning oral cancer.GPT-4 has demonstrated its capability to furnish responses to open-ended inquiries concerning oral cancer. Utilizing this advanced technology to boost public awareness about oral cancer is viable and has much potential. When it's unable to locate pertinent information, it will resort to their inherent knowledge base or recommend consulting professionals after offering some basic information. Therefore, it cannot supplant the expertise and clinical judgment of surgical oncologists and could be used as an adjunctive evaluation tool.
ISSN:00206539
DOI:10.1016/j.identj.2024.06.024