Land-Based Convection Effects on Formation of Tropical Cyclone Mekkhala (2008)
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| Název: | Land-Based Convection Effects on Formation of Tropical Cyclone Mekkhala (2008) |
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| Autoři: | Park, Myung-Sook, Lee, Myong-In, Kim, Dongmin, Bell, Michael M, Cha, Dong-Hyun, Elsbery, Russell L |
| Přispěvatelé: | Meteorology (MR) |
| Zdroj: | Monthly Weather Review. 145:1315-1337 |
| Informace o vydavateli: | American Meteorological Society, 2017. |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Témata: | Numerical analysis/modeling, 13. Climate action, Tropical cyclones, Mesoscale systems, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Popis: | The effects of land-based convection on the formation of Tropical Storm Mekkhala (2008) off the west coast of the Philippines are investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model with 4-km horizontal grid spacing. Five simulations with Thompson microphysics are utilized to select the control-land experiment that reasonably replicates the observed sea level pressure evolution. To demonstrate the contribution of the land-based convection, sensitivity experiments are performed by changing the land of the northern Philippines to water, and all five of these no-land experiments fail to develop Mekkhala. The Mekkhala tropical depression develops when an intense, well-organized land-based mesoscale convective system moves offshore from Luzon and interacts with an oceanic mesoscale system embedded in a strong monsoon westerly flow. Because of this interaction, a midtropospheric mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) organizes offshore from Luzon, where monsoon convection continues to contribute to low-level vorticity enhancement below the midlevel vortex center. In the no-land experiments, widespread oceanic convection induces a weaker midlevel vortex farther south in a strong vertical wind shear zone and subsequently farther east in a weaker monsoon vortex region. Thus, the monsoon convection–induced low-level vorticity remained separate from the midtropospheric MCV, which finally resulted in a failure of the low-level spinup. This study suggests that land-based convection can play an advantageous role in TC formation by influencing the intensity and the placement of the incipient midtropospheric MCV to be more favorable for TC low-level circulation development. |
| Druh dokumentu: | Article |
| Popis souboru: | application/pdf |
| Jazyk: | English |
| ISSN: | 1520-0493 0027-0644 |
| DOI: | 10.1175/mwr-d-16-0167.1 |
| Přístupová URL adresa: | https://journals.ametsoc.org/downloadpdf/journals/mwre/145/4/mwr-d-16-0167.1.pdf http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017MWRv..145.1315P/abstract http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/10.1175/MWR-D-16-0167.1 https://scholarworks.unist.ac.kr/handle/201301/21149 https://jglobal.jst.go.jp/en/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=201702245557677259 https://journals.ametsoc.org/downloadpdf/journals/mwre/145/4/mwr-d-16-0167.1.pdf https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/mwre/145/4/mwr-d-16-0167.1.xml https://hdl.handle.net/10945/56073 |
| Rights: | URL: http://www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses |
| Přístupové číslo: | edsair.doi.dedup.....0d9ab0c5765f0613440b8aad73139894 |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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Nájsť tento článok vo Web of Science | Abstrakt: | The effects of land-based convection on the formation of Tropical Storm Mekkhala (2008) off the west coast of the Philippines are investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model with 4-km horizontal grid spacing. Five simulations with Thompson microphysics are utilized to select the control-land experiment that reasonably replicates the observed sea level pressure evolution. To demonstrate the contribution of the land-based convection, sensitivity experiments are performed by changing the land of the northern Philippines to water, and all five of these no-land experiments fail to develop Mekkhala. The Mekkhala tropical depression develops when an intense, well-organized land-based mesoscale convective system moves offshore from Luzon and interacts with an oceanic mesoscale system embedded in a strong monsoon westerly flow. Because of this interaction, a midtropospheric mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) organizes offshore from Luzon, where monsoon convection continues to contribute to low-level vorticity enhancement below the midlevel vortex center. In the no-land experiments, widespread oceanic convection induces a weaker midlevel vortex farther south in a strong vertical wind shear zone and subsequently farther east in a weaker monsoon vortex region. Thus, the monsoon convection–induced low-level vorticity remained separate from the midtropospheric MCV, which finally resulted in a failure of the low-level spinup. This study suggests that land-based convection can play an advantageous role in TC formation by influencing the intensity and the placement of the incipient midtropospheric MCV to be more favorable for TC low-level circulation development. |
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| ISSN: | 15200493 00270644 |
| DOI: | 10.1175/mwr-d-16-0167.1 |