View in EDS

Germanene Reformation from Oxidized Germanene on Ag(111)/Ge(111) by Vacuum Annealing.

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Title: Germanene Reformation from Oxidized Germanene on Ag(111)/Ge(111) by Vacuum Annealing.
Authors: Suzuki, Seiya, Katsube, Daiki, Yano, Masahiro, Tsuda, Yasutaka, Terasawa, Tomo‐o, Ozawa, Takahiro, Fukutani, Katsuyuki, Kim, Yousoo, Asaoka, Hidehito, Yuhara, Junji, Yoshigoe, Akitaka
Source: Small Methods; Mar2025, Vol. 9 Issue 3, p1-9, 9p
Subject Terms: HIGH temperatures, REFORMATION, CRYSTAL structure, DESORPTION, HEATING
Abstract: For group 14 mono‐elemental 2D materials, such as silicene, germanene, and stanene, oxidation is a severe problem that alters or degrades their physical properties. This study shows that the oxidized germanene on Ag(111)/Ge(111) can be reformed to germanene by simple heating ≈500 °C in a vacuum. The key reaction in reforming germanene is the desorption of GeO and GeO2 during heating ≈350 °C. After removing surface oxygen, Ge further segregates to the surface, resulting in the reformation of germanene. The reformed germanene has the same crystal structure, a (7√7 × 7√7) R19.1° supercell with respect to Ag(111), and has equivalent high quality to that of as‐grown germanene on Ag(111)/Ge(111). Even after air oxidation, germanene can be reformed by annealing in a vacuum. On the other hand, the desorption of GeO and GeO2 at high temperatures is not suppressed in the O2 backfilling atmosphere. This instability of oxidized germanene/Ag(111)/Ge(111) at high temperatures contributes to the ease of germanene reformation without residual oxygen. In other words, the present germanene reformation, as well as the segregation of germanene on Ag(111)/Ge(111), is a highly robust process to synthesize germanene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Small Methods is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Biomedical Index
Description
Abstract:For group 14 mono‐elemental 2D materials, such as silicene, germanene, and stanene, oxidation is a severe problem that alters or degrades their physical properties. This study shows that the oxidized germanene on Ag(111)/Ge(111) can be reformed to germanene by simple heating ≈500 °C in a vacuum. The key reaction in reforming germanene is the desorption of GeO and GeO2 during heating ≈350 °C. After removing surface oxygen, Ge further segregates to the surface, resulting in the reformation of germanene. The reformed germanene has the same crystal structure, a (7√7 × 7√7) R19.1° supercell with respect to Ag(111), and has equivalent high quality to that of as‐grown germanene on Ag(111)/Ge(111). Even after air oxidation, germanene can be reformed by annealing in a vacuum. On the other hand, the desorption of GeO and GeO2 at high temperatures is not suppressed in the O2 backfilling atmosphere. This instability of oxidized germanene/Ag(111)/Ge(111) at high temperatures contributes to the ease of germanene reformation without residual oxygen. In other words, the present germanene reformation, as well as the segregation of germanene on Ag(111)/Ge(111), is a highly robust process to synthesize germanene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:23669608
DOI:10.1002/smtd.202400863