Efecto del Programa de Estabilización Nutricional “ESNUT” en el consumo alimenticio, IMC, composición corporal y actividad física en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos.

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Název: Efecto del Programa de Estabilización Nutricional “ESNUT” en el consumo alimenticio, IMC, composición corporal y actividad física en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos. (Spanish)
Alternate Title: Effect of the “ESNUT” Nutritional Stabilization Program on food consumption, BMI, body composition and physical activity in Mexican university students. (English)
Autoři: COLUNGA, Deyanhira PALACIOS, MARTÍNEZ, Josefina GALLEGOS, HERNÁNDEZ, Jaime REYES
Zdroj: Revista Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria; 2021, Vol. 41 Issue 1, p108-115, 8p
Témata: BODY composition, PHYSICAL activity, NUTRITIONAL status, BODY mass index, NON-communicable diseases, MALNUTRITION, CALORIC expenditure, MATERNAL health
Geografický termín: MEXICO
Abstract (English): Introduction: According to the 2018 National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT), overweight/obesity was 38.4% in the population between 10-24 years of age in Mexico, which bolsters chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCD). In university students, inadequate diet and physical activity contribute to this. Objective: To evaluate the effect of the Nutritional Stabilization Program “ESNUT” on body composition, Body Mass Index, energy and macronutrient intakes and on the level of physical activity in new university students. Methods: Design. Quasi-experimental with follow-up carried out from August 2017 to May 2018 in a University Health Center (CSU). Population. Students of both sexes, from 17 to 21 years old, non-pregnant, lactation, high-performance sports, pathology or health condition impacting their nutritional status, who signed the informed consent. The experimental (EG, n=23) and control (CG, n=35) groups were made up of randomized and single-blind allocation. Variables Independent: ESNUT Program. Dependent: Kilocalories (Kcal) and macronutrients, fat mass (%FM), musculoskeletal mass (% MM), body mass index (BMI) and physical activity level (PAL). Instruments: Inbody 230 Bioimpedance Meter; SECA 274 digital stadiometer; PAL survey; 24-hour reminder (R24) and plastic food replicas. Analysis. Descriptive statistics and tests: Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon U ranges, ANOVA, student’s t and Pearson’s r, with significance p≤0.05. Results: 50% GE suffered from OW/OB. The adequacy of energy and micronutrients, intake improved,% FM was reduced,% MM and PAL increased. Discussion: OW/OB and low weight were reduced associated with improvements in diet and PAL, similarly to effective educational-nutritional interventions in the prevention of malnutrition and, consequently, of CNCD in Latin American university students. Conclusions: The “ESNUT” program had an improvement effect on intake, body composition and PAL. Healthy lifestyles should be promoted in the university setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): Introducción: La Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición en México (ENSANUT-2018) señala que existe un 38.4% de sobrepeso/obesidad en la población entre 10-24 años, lo que favorece las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT). En jóvenes universitarios los factores que mayormente contribuyen son la alimentación y la actividad física inadecuadas. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de una intervención (Programa de Estabilización Nutricional “ESNUT”) en la composición corporal, índice de masa corporal, nivel de actividad física, consumo de energía y macronutrientes en estudiantes universitarios de nuevo ingreso. Métodos: Diseño. Cuasiexperimental con seguimiento, de agosto de 2017 a mayo de 2018 en un Centro de Salud Universitario (CSU). Población. Estudiantes de 17 a 21 años (ambos sexos), sin condiciones de salud, gestación, lactancia, deporte de alto rendimiento o patología que impactaran en el estado nutricional, que firmaron el consentimiento informado. Los grupos experimental (GE, n=23) y control (GC, n=35) se conformaron por asignación aleatoria y ciego sencillo. Variables. Independiente: Programa ESNUT. Dependientes: Kilocalorías (Kcal), macronutrientes, masa grasa (%MG), masa músculo-esquelética (%MME), índice de masa corporal (lMC) y nivel de actividad física (NAF). Instrumentos: Bioimpedanciómetro Inbody 230; estadímetro digital SECA 274; Encuesta de nivel de actividad física (NAF); Recordatorio de 24 horas (R24), réplicas plásticas de alimentos. Análisis. Estadística descriptiva, U de Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon, ANOVA, t de student y r de Pearson, con significancia p≤0.05. Resultados: El 50% del GE padecía SP/OB. Mejoró la adecuación de ingesta energética y de macronutrientes, se redujo %MG, se incrementó %MME y NAF. Discusión: El SP/OB y bajo peso decrementaron, asociados a mejoras dietética y de NAF, similarmente a intervenciones educativo-nutricionales efectivas en la prevención de malnutrición y por consiguiente de ECNT en universitarios latinoamericanos. Conclusiones: El programa “ESNUT” tuvo efecto de mejora en la ingesta, composición corporal y NAF. Deben fomentarse estilos de vida saludables en el ámbito universitario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Databáze: Biomedical Index
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Abstrakt:Introduction: According to the 2018 National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT), overweight/obesity was 38.4% in the population between 10-24 years of age in Mexico, which bolsters chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCD). In university students, inadequate diet and physical activity contribute to this. Objective: To evaluate the effect of the Nutritional Stabilization Program “ESNUT” on body composition, Body Mass Index, energy and macronutrient intakes and on the level of physical activity in new university students. Methods: Design. Quasi-experimental with follow-up carried out from August 2017 to May 2018 in a University Health Center (CSU). Population. Students of both sexes, from 17 to 21 years old, non-pregnant, lactation, high-performance sports, pathology or health condition impacting their nutritional status, who signed the informed consent. The experimental (EG, n=23) and control (CG, n=35) groups were made up of randomized and single-blind allocation. Variables Independent: ESNUT Program. Dependent: Kilocalories (Kcal) and macronutrients, fat mass (%FM), musculoskeletal mass (% MM), body mass index (BMI) and physical activity level (PAL). Instruments: Inbody 230 Bioimpedance Meter; SECA 274 digital stadiometer; PAL survey; 24-hour reminder (R24) and plastic food replicas. Analysis. Descriptive statistics and tests: Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon U ranges, ANOVA, student’s t and Pearson’s r, with significance p≤0.05. Results: 50% GE suffered from OW/OB. The adequacy of energy and micronutrients, intake improved,% FM was reduced,% MM and PAL increased. Discussion: OW/OB and low weight were reduced associated with improvements in diet and PAL, similarly to effective educational-nutritional interventions in the prevention of malnutrition and, consequently, of CNCD in Latin American university students. Conclusions: The “ESNUT” program had an improvement effect on intake, body composition and PAL. Healthy lifestyles should be promoted in the university setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:02116057
DOI:10.12873/411palacios