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A Robust and Efficient Workflow for Heart Valve Disease Detection from PCG Signals: Integrating WCNN, MFCC Optimization, and Signal Quality Evaluation.

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Titel: A Robust and Efficient Workflow for Heart Valve Disease Detection from PCG Signals: Integrating WCNN, MFCC Optimization, and Signal Quality Evaluation.
Autoren: Lai, Shin-Chi, Chang, Yen-Ching, Hung, Ying-Hsiu, Wang, Szu-Ting, Liang, Yao-Feng, Hsu, Li-Chuan, Sheu, Ming-Hwa, Chang, Chuan-Yu
Quelle: Sensors (14248220); Nov2025, Vol. 25 Issue 21, p6562, 39p
Schlagwörter: HEART valve diseases, CONVOLUTIONAL neural networks, FEATURE extraction, MATHEMATICAL optimization, HEART sounds, REAL-time computing, SIGNAL processing
Abstract: This study proposes a comprehensive and computationally efficient system for the recognition of heart valve diseases (HVDs) in phonocardiogram (PCG) signals, emphasizing an end-to-end workflow suitable for real-world deployment. The core of the system is a lightweight weighted convolutional neural network (WCNN) featuring a key weighting calculation (KWC) layer, which enhances noise robustness by adaptively weighting feature map channels based on global average pooling. The proposed system incorporates optimized feature extraction using Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) guided by GradCAM, and a band energy ratio (BER) metric to assess signal quality, showing that lower BER values are associated with higher misclassification rates due to noise. Experimental results demonstrated classification accuracies of 99.6% and 90.74% on the GitHub PCG and PhysioNet/CinC Challenge 2016 databases, respectively, where the models were trained and tested independently. The proposed model achieved superior accuracy using significantly fewer parameters (312,357) and lower computational cost (4.5 M FLOPs) compared with previously published research. Compared with the model proposed by Karhade et al., the proposed model use 74.9% fewer parameters and 99.3% fewer FLOPs. Furthermore, the proposed model was implemented on a Raspberry Pi, achieving real-time HVDs detection with a detection time of only 1.87 ms for a 1.4 s signal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Datenbank: Complementary Index
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Abstract:This study proposes a comprehensive and computationally efficient system for the recognition of heart valve diseases (HVDs) in phonocardiogram (PCG) signals, emphasizing an end-to-end workflow suitable for real-world deployment. The core of the system is a lightweight weighted convolutional neural network (WCNN) featuring a key weighting calculation (KWC) layer, which enhances noise robustness by adaptively weighting feature map channels based on global average pooling. The proposed system incorporates optimized feature extraction using Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) guided by GradCAM, and a band energy ratio (BER) metric to assess signal quality, showing that lower BER values are associated with higher misclassification rates due to noise. Experimental results demonstrated classification accuracies of 99.6% and 90.74% on the GitHub PCG and PhysioNet/CinC Challenge 2016 databases, respectively, where the models were trained and tested independently. The proposed model achieved superior accuracy using significantly fewer parameters (312,357) and lower computational cost (4.5 M FLOPs) compared with previously published research. Compared with the model proposed by Karhade et al., the proposed model use 74.9% fewer parameters and 99.3% fewer FLOPs. Furthermore, the proposed model was implemented on a Raspberry Pi, achieving real-time HVDs detection with a detection time of only 1.87 ms for a 1.4 s signal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:14248220
DOI:10.3390/s25216562