Physical therapists' perspectives and clinical practice on assessment, rehabilitation, and return to sport criteria after anterior cruciate ligament injury and reconstruction in Saudi Arabia.

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Title: Physical therapists' perspectives and clinical practice on assessment, rehabilitation, and return to sport criteria after anterior cruciate ligament injury and reconstruction in Saudi Arabia.
Authors: Mushari, Dina, Shaheen, Afaf AM
Source: Journal of Back & Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation; Nov2025, Vol. 38 Issue 6, p1320-1332, 13p
Subject Terms: ANTERIOR cruciate ligament injury prevention, SOCCER injury prevention, PHYSICAL therapy assessment, PHYSICAL therapy, MATHEMATICAL variables, CROSS-sectional method, PEARSON correlation (Statistics), BIOMECHANICS, PHYSICAL therapists' attitudes, ANTERIOR cruciate ligament injuries, ANTERIOR cruciate ligament surgery, RESEARCH funding, MEASUREMENT of angles (Geometry), THERAPEUTICS, TRANSPLANTATION of organs, tissues, etc., SURGERY, PATIENTS, SPORTS injuries, SEX distribution, RUNNING, EXERCISE therapy, STATISTICAL sampling, QUESTIONNAIRES, FISHER exact test, FUNCTIONAL assessment, PHYSICAL therapy practice, WORK experience (Employment), DESCRIPTIVE statistics, CHI-squared test, PREOPERATIVE care, MANIPULATION therapy, SPORTS re-entry, MUSCLE strength, RESISTANCE training, PRE-tests & post-tests, PHYSICIAN practice patterns, MEDICAL rehabilitation, RESEARCH, RESEARCH methodology, ELECTRIC stimulation, DATA analysis software, KNEE, EXERCISE tests, BODY movement, HEALTH outcome assessment, EDUCATIONAL attainment, SOCCER injuries, PSYCHOSOCIAL factors, PHYSICAL therapists, RANGE of motion of joints, MUSCLE contraction, POSTURAL balance, TIME, MOTION capture (Human mechanics), REHABILITATION, SYMPTOMS
Geographic Terms: SAUDI Arabia
Abstract: Background and objectives: To explore the physical therapists' (PTs) perspectives and clinical practice on assessment, rehabilitation, and return to sports (RTS) criteria and to investigate their associations with gender, level of educational qualification, years of clinical experience, and the number of individuals treated after ACL injury and reconstruction (ACLR) in Saudi Arabia (SA). Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study surveyed 206 participants through an online survey covering demographics, ACLR rehabilitation importance, clinical measurements, practice, progression criteria, return to running, and RTS. Results: Most PTs (84.9%) see an individual post-ACLR for the first time within the first week. About 24.8% of PTs preferred starting open kinetic chain (OKC) exercises one to seven days immediately post-ACLR. The timing of returning to running post-ACLR is variable among participants. Between six to nine months, 39.8% of PTs allowed an individual post-ACLR to RTS. Over 40% of participants did not use patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to clear an individual post-ACLR to RTS or evaluate psychological readiness. About 76.2% recommended an ACL injury prevention program at discharge. Conclusion: Most PTs in SA inconsistently follow evidence-based ACLR rehabilitation practices. Education and training programs are needed to bridge the evidence-to-practice gap in post-ACLR care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Abstract:Background and objectives: To explore the physical therapists' (PTs) perspectives and clinical practice on assessment, rehabilitation, and return to sports (RTS) criteria and to investigate their associations with gender, level of educational qualification, years of clinical experience, and the number of individuals treated after ACL injury and reconstruction (ACLR) in Saudi Arabia (SA). Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study surveyed 206 participants through an online survey covering demographics, ACLR rehabilitation importance, clinical measurements, practice, progression criteria, return to running, and RTS. Results: Most PTs (84.9%) see an individual post-ACLR for the first time within the first week. About 24.8% of PTs preferred starting open kinetic chain (OKC) exercises one to seven days immediately post-ACLR. The timing of returning to running post-ACLR is variable among participants. Between six to nine months, 39.8% of PTs allowed an individual post-ACLR to RTS. Over 40% of participants did not use patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to clear an individual post-ACLR to RTS or evaluate psychological readiness. About 76.2% recommended an ACL injury prevention program at discharge. Conclusion: Most PTs in SA inconsistently follow evidence-based ACLR rehabilitation practices. Education and training programs are needed to bridge the evidence-to-practice gap in post-ACLR care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:10538127
DOI:10.1177/10538127251329009