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Characteristics of Stratospheric Gravity Wave Spectra and Their Dynamic Linkage With Convection.

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Titel: Characteristics of Stratospheric Gravity Wave Spectra and Their Dynamic Linkage With Convection.
Autoren: Song, Yuyang, He, Yang, Sheng, Zheng, Leng, Hongze, Sun, Difu, Bai, Zhixuan, Wang, Jincheng
Quelle: Geophysical Research Letters; 9/16/2025, Vol. 52 Issue 17, p1-11, 11p
Schlagwörter: GRAVITY waves, HEAT convection, ATMOSPHERIC turbulence, ENERGY transfer, ATMOSPHERIC layers, STRATOSPHERIC chemistry
Geografische Kategorien: CHINA
Abstract: Gravity wave (GW) spectra can visualize the energy distribution between different scales. A large amount of data from the round‐trip intelligent sounding system in southern China is used to investigate the GW vertical spectra and the poorly studied stratospheric horizontal spectra of horizontal winds. The spectral structure evolution characteristics and their connection with convection are further explored. The results show that the vertical spectra in the stratosphere are more saturated than in the troposphere. The slope and amplitude distributions of the horizontal spectra vary across different frequency ranges. The slopes of the horizontal spectra show a significant correlation with convective activity, and during convection‐frequent periods, the horizontal spectral densities in the 5–2 min period decrease in the stratosphere. This study demonstrates that convective activity modulates energy transfer and distribution among multiscale disturbances in the stratosphere. Plain Language Summary: Gravity waves are ubiquitous small‐to medium‐scale atmospheric disturbances, and their spectral characteristics can effectively characterize the energy distribution of gravity waves at different scales/frequencies. Investigating gravity wave spectra provides critical insights into cross‐scale energy transfer processes in the atmosphere. While substantial research has been conducted on gravity wave vertical spectra, horizontal spectral characteristics remain underexplored due to observational limitations. Utilizing a novel observational system, this study extracts vertical and horizontal spectra in the stratosphere over southern China and investigates their connection with convective activity. Our results reveal that horizontal spectral structures exhibit pronounced correlations with convective activity, demonstrating that energy distribution across different scales in the stratosphere is profoundly influenced by convection processes. These findings can advance our understanding of troposphere‐stratosphere interactions and provide valuable insights for improving gravity wave parameterization schemes in atmospheric models. Key Points: The horizontal spectra of gravity waves in the stratosphere have been studied using the round‐trip intelligent sounding systemA strong correspondence exists between the stratospheric horizontal spectra and tropospheric convective activityDuring periods of frequent convective activity, the high‐frequency region of the horizontal spectra exhibit reduced spectral density [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Datenbank: Complementary Index
Beschreibung
Abstract:Gravity wave (GW) spectra can visualize the energy distribution between different scales. A large amount of data from the round‐trip intelligent sounding system in southern China is used to investigate the GW vertical spectra and the poorly studied stratospheric horizontal spectra of horizontal winds. The spectral structure evolution characteristics and their connection with convection are further explored. The results show that the vertical spectra in the stratosphere are more saturated than in the troposphere. The slope and amplitude distributions of the horizontal spectra vary across different frequency ranges. The slopes of the horizontal spectra show a significant correlation with convective activity, and during convection‐frequent periods, the horizontal spectral densities in the 5–2 min period decrease in the stratosphere. This study demonstrates that convective activity modulates energy transfer and distribution among multiscale disturbances in the stratosphere. Plain Language Summary: Gravity waves are ubiquitous small‐to medium‐scale atmospheric disturbances, and their spectral characteristics can effectively characterize the energy distribution of gravity waves at different scales/frequencies. Investigating gravity wave spectra provides critical insights into cross‐scale energy transfer processes in the atmosphere. While substantial research has been conducted on gravity wave vertical spectra, horizontal spectral characteristics remain underexplored due to observational limitations. Utilizing a novel observational system, this study extracts vertical and horizontal spectra in the stratosphere over southern China and investigates their connection with convective activity. Our results reveal that horizontal spectral structures exhibit pronounced correlations with convective activity, demonstrating that energy distribution across different scales in the stratosphere is profoundly influenced by convection processes. These findings can advance our understanding of troposphere‐stratosphere interactions and provide valuable insights for improving gravity wave parameterization schemes in atmospheric models. Key Points: The horizontal spectra of gravity waves in the stratosphere have been studied using the round‐trip intelligent sounding systemA strong correspondence exists between the stratospheric horizontal spectra and tropospheric convective activityDuring periods of frequent convective activity, the high‐frequency region of the horizontal spectra exhibit reduced spectral density [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:00948276
DOI:10.1029/2025GL117204