Air-earth currents and a universal "law": filamentary and spiral structures Repetitiveness, fractality, golden ratio, fine-structure constant, antifragility and "statistics"- The origin of life.
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| Název: | Air-earth currents and a universal "law": filamentary and spiral structures Repetitiveness, fractality, golden ratio, fine-structure constant, antifragility and "statistics"- The origin of life. |
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| Autoři: | Gregori, Giovanni Pietro, Hovland, Martin Torvald, Leybourne, Bruce Allen, Pellis, Stergios, Straser, Valentino, Gregori, Bruno Giuseppe, Gregori, Giorgio Maria, Simonelli, Anna Rita |
| Zdroj: | New Concepts in Global Tectonics Journal; Mar2025, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p106-224, 119p |
| Témata: | ORIGIN of life, GOLDEN ratio, EARTH currents, HELICAL structure, THEORISTS, FRACTALS, SELF-organizing systems |
| Abstrakt: | Air-earth currents have a filamentary pattern. Field-aligned currents (FACs) have a typical spiral structure. Chirality and repetitiveness is a crucial issue in fundamental physics (subatomic domain). Natural systems tend to repeat the same structures on increasingly larger scale-sizes (hence "repetitiveness"). This "law" holds until some environmental constraints permit the system to conform to this simple thumb rule. The humans discover the empirical laws, which govern natural reality inside different domains, everyone characteristic of a given range of scale-sizes. On the other hand, the laws that hold in different domains in general cannot apply in every other domain. The transitions - from the laws holding in smaller to larger domains - require a treatment by means of "statistics", based however on algorithms that are much different, compared to the usual "lottery" statistics. At every stage a crucial - and generally insufficiently stressed - role is played by "antifragility", a concept that is analogous to, although more general than, complexity. Another crucial concept is related to the organization of natural systems in self-contained "closed" system, on every scale size, called "monads". If we observe a "monad" from inside (such as the "monad" Solar System, or a "monad" star or a "monad" galaxy, etc.) we can investigate the linear processes that govern the system. In contrast, if we observe the "monad" from outside (such as an atom or a subatomic system, or a molecule, or a living being) we can rely only on "statistical" information, i.e., on antifragile processes, or on complex rationale. A previous study (Gregori et al., 2022, 2022a, 2022b, 2022c, 2022d, 2022e, 2023) showed that golden ratio, fractality, and the perception of irreversibility, i.e., of time arrow, are different facets of the same physical property. Pellis (2022, 2022a) showed that golden ratio and the fine structure constant are identical properties that, therefore, apply to every atom and molecule. Thus, chirality is an intrinsic feature of photons and of the interactions of elementary particles - and chirality is basically related to the explanation of the commonly known Faraday e.m. induction. We show how the same principle, which explains the magnetic field of an electric current, can be surprisingly applied for explaining the Bohr-Schrödinger atom, and the bonding inside a nucleus. Also, a seemingly reasonable explanation deals with the nature of gravitation. We want to stress the understatement of our approach, due to the relevant speculative content. On the other hand, we afford to explain several observed and well-assessed features that at present - according to the standard approach - look mysterious and often paradoxical. A comparatively less speculative argument deals with the connection with FACs according to the standard algorithms of plasma physics, and to the "Cowling dynamo", which is rigorously derived from a proof of the generalized classical Cowling theorem based on Maxwell laws. The Cowling dynamo explains the self-collimation and chirality of the solar wind and of the stellar wind, and - in addition - the toroidal magnetic field of galaxies, the stellar and galactic jets, the stellar alignments inside galaxies, and the galaxy alignments inside galactic superclusters. In addition, it is possible to explain the chiral pattern of the imploding branches of a galaxy, and the flattening and convergence of a galactic arm towards the galactic equatorial plane. We can monitor these details, as we observe the system from inside the "monads". In contrast, dealing with "monads" observed only from outside, only a reminder is here given concerning observations in the molecular domain - including some observations in some comparatively simple case histories related to chemistry and crystallography - and in larger scale-sizes, i.e., organic chemistry molecules, DNA, and several otherwise unexplained patterns of biological structures. The connection of repetitiveness with selfsimilarity (fractality), and with the golden ratio and the fine-structure constant - and with antifragility - finally permits to include into the present discussion also the macro-forms of living beings. We claim that, as shown in several examples, our understanding refers to the comparatively simplest case histories. On the other hand, it is reasonable to expect that the explanation of complicated structures, which are encountered in several domains - from the subatomic world, through biological chemistry, including the origin of life in the universe, living beings, and much larger structures - can be explained by an analogous rationale, based on a universal "law" concerning filamentary patterns, chirality, fractality, golden ratio, and antifragility, and on suitable algorithms for a generally much difficult "statistical" treatment. The same rationale applies to the capability of the brain to adapt to a changing environment and to exploit survival strategies, at every level, from elementary living forms through the human brain. This entire approach, which can be briefly called "Law of antifragility in the universe" is a generalization of the "Law of increasing functional information". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Databáze: | Complementary Index |
Nájsť tento článok vo Web of Science | Abstrakt: | Air-earth currents have a filamentary pattern. Field-aligned currents (FACs) have a typical spiral structure. Chirality and repetitiveness is a crucial issue in fundamental physics (subatomic domain). Natural systems tend to repeat the same structures on increasingly larger scale-sizes (hence "repetitiveness"). This "law" holds until some environmental constraints permit the system to conform to this simple thumb rule. The humans discover the empirical laws, which govern natural reality inside different domains, everyone characteristic of a given range of scale-sizes. On the other hand, the laws that hold in different domains in general cannot apply in every other domain. The transitions - from the laws holding in smaller to larger domains - require a treatment by means of "statistics", based however on algorithms that are much different, compared to the usual "lottery" statistics. At every stage a crucial - and generally insufficiently stressed - role is played by "antifragility", a concept that is analogous to, although more general than, complexity. Another crucial concept is related to the organization of natural systems in self-contained "closed" system, on every scale size, called "monads". If we observe a "monad" from inside (such as the "monad" Solar System, or a "monad" star or a "monad" galaxy, etc.) we can investigate the linear processes that govern the system. In contrast, if we observe the "monad" from outside (such as an atom or a subatomic system, or a molecule, or a living being) we can rely only on "statistical" information, i.e., on antifragile processes, or on complex rationale. A previous study (Gregori et al., 2022, 2022a, 2022b, 2022c, 2022d, 2022e, 2023) showed that golden ratio, fractality, and the perception of irreversibility, i.e., of time arrow, are different facets of the same physical property. Pellis (2022, 2022a) showed that golden ratio and the fine structure constant are identical properties that, therefore, apply to every atom and molecule. Thus, chirality is an intrinsic feature of photons and of the interactions of elementary particles - and chirality is basically related to the explanation of the commonly known Faraday e.m. induction. We show how the same principle, which explains the magnetic field of an electric current, can be surprisingly applied for explaining the Bohr-Schrödinger atom, and the bonding inside a nucleus. Also, a seemingly reasonable explanation deals with the nature of gravitation. We want to stress the understatement of our approach, due to the relevant speculative content. On the other hand, we afford to explain several observed and well-assessed features that at present - according to the standard approach - look mysterious and often paradoxical. A comparatively less speculative argument deals with the connection with FACs according to the standard algorithms of plasma physics, and to the "Cowling dynamo", which is rigorously derived from a proof of the generalized classical Cowling theorem based on Maxwell laws. The Cowling dynamo explains the self-collimation and chirality of the solar wind and of the stellar wind, and - in addition - the toroidal magnetic field of galaxies, the stellar and galactic jets, the stellar alignments inside galaxies, and the galaxy alignments inside galactic superclusters. In addition, it is possible to explain the chiral pattern of the imploding branches of a galaxy, and the flattening and convergence of a galactic arm towards the galactic equatorial plane. We can monitor these details, as we observe the system from inside the "monads". In contrast, dealing with "monads" observed only from outside, only a reminder is here given concerning observations in the molecular domain - including some observations in some comparatively simple case histories related to chemistry and crystallography - and in larger scale-sizes, i.e., organic chemistry molecules, DNA, and several otherwise unexplained patterns of biological structures. The connection of repetitiveness with selfsimilarity (fractality), and with the golden ratio and the fine-structure constant - and with antifragility - finally permits to include into the present discussion also the macro-forms of living beings. We claim that, as shown in several examples, our understanding refers to the comparatively simplest case histories. On the other hand, it is reasonable to expect that the explanation of complicated structures, which are encountered in several domains - from the subatomic world, through biological chemistry, including the origin of life in the universe, living beings, and much larger structures - can be explained by an analogous rationale, based on a universal "law" concerning filamentary patterns, chirality, fractality, golden ratio, and antifragility, and on suitable algorithms for a generally much difficult "statistical" treatment. The same rationale applies to the capability of the brain to adapt to a changing environment and to exploit survival strategies, at every level, from elementary living forms through the human brain. This entire approach, which can be briefly called "Law of antifragility in the universe" is a generalization of the "Law of increasing functional information". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 22025685 |