IMPACTO DE LA INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL EN EL APRENDIZAJE DE LA PROGRAMACIÓN INFORMÁTICA EN LOS ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS.

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Název: IMPACTO DE LA INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL EN EL APRENDIZAJE DE LA PROGRAMACIÓN INFORMÁTICA EN LOS ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS. (Spanish)
Alternate Title: IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON COMPUTER PROGRAMMING LEARNING IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS. (English)
Autoři: Vera Paredes, Daniel Alexander, Franco Arias, Omar Orlando, Córdova Martínez, Luis Cristóbal
Zdroj: Ciencia y Educación (2707-3378); mar2025, Vol. 6 Issue 3, p33-50, 18p
Témata: ARTIFICIAL intelligence, TEACHING methods, CRITICAL thinking, CHATGPT, EVALUATION methodology
Abstract (English): Learning programming in university education faces significant challenges due to technical complexity and the need to develop skills such as critical thinking, self-efficacy, and problemsolving. In this context, artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT have emerged as promising resources to personalize teaching and enhance learning. This article aims to analyze the longitudinal impact of these tools on university-level programming education through a systematic literature review. The PRISMA protocol was employed for the selection and analysis of studies in databases such as Scopus and arXiv, identifying evaluation methodologies and their effects on the development of key skills. Findings indicate that AI improves academic performance and efficiency in problem-solving, although it also presents risks such as excessive dependence and a superficial understanding of concepts. It is concluded that, while AI can transform programming education, its implementation should be accompanied by pedagogical strategies that promote autonomy and meaningful learning, balancing the use of these tools with traditional approaches to ensure a comprehensive education for students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): El aprendizaje de la programación informática en la educación universitaria enfrenta desafíos significativos debido a la complejidad técnica y la necesidad de desarrollar competencias como el pensamiento crítico, razonamiento lógico y la autoeficacia para la resolución de problemas. En este contexto, las herramientas de inteligencia artificial, como ChatGPT, han emergido como recursos prometedores para personalizar la enseñanza y mejorar el aprendizaje. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto longitudinal de estas herramientas en la educación universitaria de un lenguaje de programación mediante una revisión sistemática de la literatura. Se empleó el protocolo PRISMA para la selección y análisis de estudios en bases de datos como Scopus y arXiv, identificando metodologías de evaluación y sus efectos en el desarrollo de habilidades clave. Los hallazgos indican que la IA mejora el rendimiento académico y la eficiencia en la resolución de problemas, aunque también plantea riesgos como la dependencia excesiva y una comprensión superficial de los conceptos. Se concluye que, si bien la IA puede transformar la enseñanza de la programación informática, su implementación debe ir acompañada de estrategias pedagógicas y de andragogía que fomenten la autonomía y el aprendizaje significativo, equilibrando el uso de estas herramientas con enfoques tradicionales para garantizar una formación integral en los estudiantes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Portuguese): O aprendizado de programação na educação universitária enfrenta desafios significativos devido à complexidade técnica e à necessidade de desenvolver habilidades como pensamento crítico, autoeficácia e resolução de problemas. Nesse contexto, ferramentas de inteligência artificial, como o ChatGPT, surgiram como recursos promissores para personalizar o ensino e melhorar a aprendizagem. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o impacto longitudinal dessas ferramentas no ensino de programação em nível universitário por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura. O protocolo PRISMA foi empregado para a seleção e análise de estudos em bases de dados como Scopus e arXiv, identificando metodologias de avaliação e seus efeitos no desenvolvimento de habilidades-chave. Os resultados indicam que a IA melhora o desempenho acadêmico e a eficiência na resolução de problemas, embora também apresente riscos como dependência excessiva e uma compreensão superficial dos conceitos. Conclui-se que, embora a IA possa transformar o ensino de programação, sua implementação deve ser acompanhada de estratégias pedagógicas que promovam a autonomia e a aprendizagem significativa, equilibrando o uso dessas ferramentas com abordagens tradicionais para garantir uma formação abrangente dos estudantes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Abstrakt:Learning programming in university education faces significant challenges due to technical complexity and the need to develop skills such as critical thinking, self-efficacy, and problemsolving. In this context, artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT have emerged as promising resources to personalize teaching and enhance learning. This article aims to analyze the longitudinal impact of these tools on university-level programming education through a systematic literature review. The PRISMA protocol was employed for the selection and analysis of studies in databases such as Scopus and arXiv, identifying evaluation methodologies and their effects on the development of key skills. Findings indicate that AI improves academic performance and efficiency in problem-solving, although it also presents risks such as excessive dependence and a superficial understanding of concepts. It is concluded that, while AI can transform programming education, its implementation should be accompanied by pedagogical strategies that promote autonomy and meaningful learning, balancing the use of these tools with traditional approaches to ensure a comprehensive education for students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:27073378