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Hardware-in-the-Loop testing for low-inertia grids.

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Titel: Hardware-in-the-Loop testing for low-inertia grids.
Alternate Title: Hardware-in-the-Loop-Prüfumgebung für Netze mit geringen rotierenden Massen. (German)
Autoren: Goeke, Felix, Hohmann, Julian, Palaniappan, Rajkumar, Rehtanz, Christian
Quelle: e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik; Feb2025, Vol. 142 Issue 1, p14-29, 16p
Abstract (English): Extensive testing of various control algorithms using comprehensive testing frameworks enables us to assess their effectiveness in managing system dynamics and maintaining grid stability. In order to validate the algorithms in the real world, testing of the developed applications in an empirical laboratory environment is essential and the testing parameters in the laboratory have to closely resemble real-world conditions. The fundamental aspect of such testing is to monitor and analyze the dynamics and interaction between the various components in synchronous mode, thereby assessing the system's ability to operate the grid without violations. The experimental test setup and script-based testing explained in this paper helps to develop innovative control algorithms, with a key focus on medium voltage and low voltage grids with low rotating masses. The test platform makes extended use of a Typhoon Real-Time Simulator (RTS). Firstly, it is used for the simulation of the distributed energy resources and the overlying distribution grid as well as the implementation of control algorithms. Secondly, the RTS acts as a control and SCADA system for the whole testing platform. While the physical components provide measurements in regular intervals, the control algorithms and the energy management system are implemented directly in the Typhoon platform. The data acquisition is performed either via programmable logic controllers for the nodal measurements or through faster measurements such as current transformers. This ensures that the developed algorithms are empirically tested and optimized in close to real-world conditions. The control algorithms provide the set points for the individual components, and the results show the advantages of script-based testing in HIL testing to ensure deterministic and reliable operation of innovative grid components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (German): Zusammenfassung: Im Bereich moderner Energiesysteme mit fortschrittlichen Netzsteuerungs- und Managementstrategien wird der Bedarf an umfassenden Testrahmen immer wichtiger. Die umfangreichen Tests der verschiedenen Regelungsalgorithmen ermöglichen es uns, ihre Wirksamkeit bei der Regelung von Systemdynamiken und der Aufrechterhaltung der Netzstabilität zu bewerten. Um die Algorithmen in der realen Welt zu validieren, ist das Testen der entwickelten Anwendungen in einer analogen Laborumgebung, welche realen Parametern nahe kommt, unerlässlich. Der grundlegende Aspekt solcher Tests besteht darin, die Dynamik und das Zusammenspiel der verschiedenen Komponenten zu überwachen und zu analysieren, um die Fähigkeit des Systems zur stabilen Netzführung zu bewerten. Der experimentelle Versuchsaufbau, der in diesem Beitrag erläutert wird, unterstützt die Entwicklung innovativer Regelungsalgorithmen mit einem besonderen Fokus auf Mittelspannungs(MV)- und Niederspannungsnetze (LV) mit geringer rotierender Masse. Der Aufbau dieser Testplattform stützt sich auf eine ganzheitliche Implementierung eines Typhoon-Echtzeitsimulators. Erstens wird dieser zur Simulation der dezentralen Energiequellen (DERs) und des übergeordneten Verteilnetzes sowie zur Implementierung verschiedener Regelungsalgorithmen eingesetzt. Zweitens fungiert der Echtzeitsimulator als Steuerungs- und SCADA-System für die gesamte Testplattform. Während die physikalischen Komponenten in regelmäßigen Abständen Messwerte liefern, werden die Regelungsalgorithmen und das Energiemanagementsystem direkt in der Typhoon-Plattform implementiert. Die Datenerfassung erfolgt entweder über speicherprogrammierbare Steuerungen (SPS) für die Messungen an Netzknoten oder direkt am Echtzeitsimulator mithilfe von Messwandlern. Dies stellt sicher, dass die entwickelten Algorithmen unter nahezu realen Bedingungen getestet und optimiert werden können. Die Ergebnisse zeigen die Vorteile skriptbasierter HIL-Tests, um einen zuverlässigen Betrieb innovativer Netzkomponenten zur Unterstützung des Energiesystembetriebs zu gewährleisten. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Beschreibung
Abstract:Extensive testing of various control algorithms using comprehensive testing frameworks enables us to assess their effectiveness in managing system dynamics and maintaining grid stability. In order to validate the algorithms in the real world, testing of the developed applications in an empirical laboratory environment is essential and the testing parameters in the laboratory have to closely resemble real-world conditions. The fundamental aspect of such testing is to monitor and analyze the dynamics and interaction between the various components in synchronous mode, thereby assessing the system's ability to operate the grid without violations. The experimental test setup and script-based testing explained in this paper helps to develop innovative control algorithms, with a key focus on medium voltage and low voltage grids with low rotating masses. The test platform makes extended use of a Typhoon Real-Time Simulator (RTS). Firstly, it is used for the simulation of the distributed energy resources and the overlying distribution grid as well as the implementation of control algorithms. Secondly, the RTS acts as a control and SCADA system for the whole testing platform. While the physical components provide measurements in regular intervals, the control algorithms and the energy management system are implemented directly in the Typhoon platform. The data acquisition is performed either via programmable logic controllers for the nodal measurements or through faster measurements such as current transformers. This ensures that the developed algorithms are empirically tested and optimized in close to real-world conditions. The control algorithms provide the set points for the individual components, and the results show the advantages of script-based testing in HIL testing to ensure deterministic and reliable operation of innovative grid components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:0932383X
DOI:10.1007/s00502-024-01304-y