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Efficiency of carbothermal reduction in treating NORM waste containing Ba(226Ra)SO4.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	Efficiency of carbothermal reduction in treating NORM waste containing Ba(²²⁶Ra)SO4.
Authors:	Zhang, Lin, Lu, Zonghui, Su, Zhe, Zhang, Ye, He, Hui
Source:	Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry; Feb2025, Vol. 334 Issue 2, p1217-1224, 8p
Subject Terms:	ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRAACETIC acid, WASTE minimization, BARIUM sulfate, RADIOACTIVE substances, INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, X-ray diffraction
Abstract:	This study delineates the intrinsic composition of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) waste and affirms the viability of the carbothermal reduction method for the transformation of Ba(²²⁶Ra)SO4 into Ba(²²⁶Ra)S. The waste was solubilized using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and its constituents were determined employing X-ray diffraction and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry, identifying barium sulfate (BaSO4) as the predominant component at a weight percentage of 67.13%. Thermodynamic calculations of the carbothermal reduction process were conducted utilizing the HSC Chemistry software, followed by systematic kinetic validation experiments with BaSO4 as a proxy for Ba(²²⁶Ra)SO4. The results demonstrate that carbothermal reduction of BaSO4 initiates at temperatures surpassing 776 °C. The conversion efficiency of BaSO4 to BaS is markedly influenced by temperature, with the rate escalating from 47.48% to 89.83% as the temperature is incremented from 850 °C to 950 °C. This method effectively converts the very insoluble NORM waste into readily soluble forms of Ba and Ra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
	Copyright of Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database:	Complementary Index

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