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Pore size increase in sol–gel prepared non-stochiometric magnesium ferrite composite during phosphorous removal from water.

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Title: Pore size increase in sol–gel prepared non-stochiometric magnesium ferrite composite during phosphorous removal from water.
Authors: Marques, Willbrynner Pereira, de Souza, Janiomar Barros, Muniz, Eduardo Perini, Proveti, José Rafael Capua, da Silva Porto, Paulo Sérgio, Santório, Ricardo, da Silva, Adriano, Passamani, Edson Caetano
Source: Journal of Materials Science; Jul2023, Vol. 58 Issue 28, p11610-11630, 21p, 1 Black and White Photograph, 1 Diagram, 7 Charts, 10 Graphs
Subject Terms: PHOSPHATE removal (Water purification), ADSORPTION kinetics, ADSORPTION isotherms, MIXED oxide catalysts, MOSSBAUER spectroscopy, ADSORPTION capacity, X-ray diffraction measurement
Abstract: Phosphorous removal from water by two novel adsorbents was achieved with competitive efficiency. The adsorbents were synthesized using a Sol–Gel method by mixing both magnesium and iron chlorides in two proportions: (i) in a stoichiometric (S-MgFeO) ratio, yielding 90% of the MgFe2O4 plus 10% of hematite and (ii) with an excess of Mg that favored a magnesium-oxide-rich composite (C-MgFeO) of MgFe2O4 and MgO, as indicated by X-ray diffraction measurements. 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy (at 300 and 15 K) and magnetization (at 300 K) data demonstrated the presence of ferrimagnetic MgFe2O4 for both adsorbents. Due to the presence of Mg-rich species at the samples' grain surfaces (or interfaces), as suggested by dispersive energy spectroscopy and 57Fe Mössbauer data, one of the highest adsorption capabilities found in the literature (~ 60 mg.g−1) was measured at pH = 5.5 for the C-MgFeO adsorbent. The adsorption isotherm and kinetics results are consistent with a surface layer chemisorption limited by diffusion, increasing the average pore diameter caused by Mg erosion at the particle surface under a phosphate-rich solution. The samples were twice reused with no noticeable change in adsorption capacities and magnetic properties, indicating a strong potential for these materials for industrial applications in the magnetic remediation process. The synthetic effluent treatment with the C-MgFeO composite is estimated to cost ca. 0.05 USD.L−1, a value about six times lesser than treatment with the S-MgFeO adsorbent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Abstract:Phosphorous removal from water by two novel adsorbents was achieved with competitive efficiency. The adsorbents were synthesized using a Sol–Gel method by mixing both magnesium and iron chlorides in two proportions: (i) in a stoichiometric (S-MgFeO) ratio, yielding 90% of the MgFe<subscript>2</subscript>O<subscript>4</subscript> plus 10% of hematite and (ii) with an excess of Mg that favored a magnesium-oxide-rich composite (C-MgFeO) of MgFe<subscript>2</subscript>O<subscript>4</subscript> and MgO, as indicated by X-ray diffraction measurements. <sup>57</sup>Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy (at 300 and 15 K) and magnetization (at 300 K) data demonstrated the presence of ferrimagnetic MgFe<subscript>2</subscript>O<subscript>4</subscript> for both adsorbents. Due to the presence of Mg-rich species at the samples' grain surfaces (or interfaces), as suggested by dispersive energy spectroscopy and <sup>57</sup>Fe Mössbauer data, one of the highest adsorption capabilities found in the literature (~ 60 mg.g<sup>−1</sup>) was measured at pH = 5.5 for the C-MgFeO adsorbent. The adsorption isotherm and kinetics results are consistent with a surface layer chemisorption limited by diffusion, increasing the average pore diameter caused by Mg erosion at the particle surface under a phosphate-rich solution. The samples were twice reused with no noticeable change in adsorption capacities and magnetic properties, indicating a strong potential for these materials for industrial applications in the magnetic remediation process. The synthetic effluent treatment with the C-MgFeO composite is estimated to cost ca. 0.05 USD.L<sup>−1</sup>, a value about six times lesser than treatment with the S-MgFeO adsorbent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:00222461
DOI:10.1007/s10853-023-08734-7