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DEANIMALISATION PROCESSES IN THE POLISH CARPATHIANS -- PRODUCTION, ECONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS.

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Názov: DEANIMALISATION PROCESSES IN THE POLISH CARPATHIANS -- PRODUCTION, ECONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS.
Alternate Title: PROCESY DEZANIMALIZACJI KARPAT POLSKICH -- ASPEKTY PRODUKCYJNO-EKONOMICZNE I EKOLOGICZNE. (Polish)
Autori: MUSIAŁ, WIESŁAW, MUSIAŁ, KAMILA
Zdroj: Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists; 2019, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p331-340, 10p
Predmety: CATTLE, POPULATION, CARPATHIAN Germans, FARM produce
Geografický termín: POLAND
Abstract (English): This paper addresses a current issue regarding the increasing problem of a decreasing cattle population in the Polish Carpathians. The problem exacerbated after 1990, as a result of changes in prices of the means of production and agricultural products. It intensified even further after Poland joined the EU. The decrease in cattle population is observed in all districts in the Carpathians. This article includes a diagnosis of four such districts: two with the highest decrease (Łańcut: -67.0% and Sucha: -52.6%) and two with the smallest decrease in cattle population (Bieszczdy: -8.1% and Wadowice: -11.5%). Expert assessments were used to this end. The article includes a definition and analysis of the deanimalisation process and an indication of the consequences of this process in agriculture, in the local environment and in the broadly understood ecological context. It follows from the research that favourable natural conditions, good for breeding ruminants, largely determine high cattle density but, at the same time, these conditions do not impact the decrease in the cattle population to such an extent. The decrease is related to the low concentration of herds, generational changes and the disappearance of local dairy markets. As a result of progressing deanimalisation, abandoned meadows and pastures, as well as part of arable lands, are being permanently lost. Instead, these lands become overgrown with invasive plant species and shrubbery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Polish): W opracowaniu podjęto aktualny i narastający problem spadku pogłowia bydła w Karpatach Polskich. Proces ten nasilił się po 1990 roku, w wyniku zmian, które zaszły w poziomie cen na środki produkcji i produkty rolne. Narastał także po integracji Polski z Unią Europejską. Spadek pogłowia bydła objął wszystkie powiaty karpackie. Dla czterech z nich, tj. dwóch o największych spadkach (łańcucki: -67,0% i suski -52,6%) oraz dwóch o najmniejszych spadkach pogłowia tych przeżuwaczy (bieszczadzki: -8,1% i wadowicki: -11,5%), przeprowadzono diagnozę takich stanów, stosując metodę ocen eksperckich. Zdefiniowano i poddano analizie proces dezanimalizacji, wskazano także jego następstwa w rolnictwie i w środowisku lokalnym oraz w sferze ekologicznej. Z badań wynika, że dobre warunki przyrodnicze do chowu przeżuwaczy w dużym stopniu determinują wysoką obsadę bydła, lecz jednocześnie nie mają tak dużego wpływu na tempo spadku stanu jego pogłowia. Wiąże się to z niską koncentracją stad, zmianami pokoleniowymi i zamieraniem rynków lokalnych na produkty mleczne. Efektem postępującego procesu dezanimalizacji jest trwała utrata porzuconych łąk i pastwisk oraz części gruntów ornych. Tereny te porastają roślinnością inwazyjną, jak również ulegają zakrzaczeniu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Databáza: Complementary Index
Popis
Abstrakt:This paper addresses a current issue regarding the increasing problem of a decreasing cattle population in the Polish Carpathians. The problem exacerbated after 1990, as a result of changes in prices of the means of production and agricultural products. It intensified even further after Poland joined the EU. The decrease in cattle population is observed in all districts in the Carpathians. This article includes a diagnosis of four such districts: two with the highest decrease (Łańcut: -67.0% and Sucha: -52.6%) and two with the smallest decrease in cattle population (Bieszczdy: -8.1% and Wadowice: -11.5%). Expert assessments were used to this end. The article includes a definition and analysis of the deanimalisation process and an indication of the consequences of this process in agriculture, in the local environment and in the broadly understood ecological context. It follows from the research that favourable natural conditions, good for breeding ruminants, largely determine high cattle density but, at the same time, these conditions do not impact the decrease in the cattle population to such an extent. The decrease is related to the low concentration of herds, generational changes and the disappearance of local dairy markets. As a result of progressing deanimalisation, abandoned meadows and pastures, as well as part of arable lands, are being permanently lost. Instead, these lands become overgrown with invasive plant species and shrubbery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:2657781X
DOI:10.5604/01.3001.0013.5912