Associations of the Food Insecurity Experience Scale with Socioeconomic and Psychological Factors in Japan.
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| Title: | Associations of the Food Insecurity Experience Scale with Socioeconomic and Psychological Factors in Japan. |
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| Authors: | Fujiwara R; Research Institute of Life Innovation, Toyo University, 1-7-11 Akabanedai, Kita-ku, Tokyo 115-8650, Japan., Katagiri R; Faculty of Informatics, Graduate School of Informatics, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi 263-8522, Chiba, Japan., Tabuchi T; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryoucho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan. |
| Source: | Nutrients [Nutrients] 2025 Nov 12; Vol. 17 (22). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 12. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: MDPI Publishing Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101521595 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6643 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726643 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nutrients Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI Publishing |
| MeSH Terms: | Food Insecurity* , Socioeconomic Factors*, Humans ; Japan ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Middle Aged ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires/standards ; Young Adult ; Aged ; Public Assistance/statistics & numerical data ; Adolescent |
| Abstract: | Background: The Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES), developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), is a standardized tool for measuring food insecurity (FI) and enabling international comparisons. Although reliable tools are essential, the FIES has not yet been applied or validated in research conducted in Japan. This study aimed to assess the internal validity of the FIES among Japanese individuals and to identify the sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and psychological characteristics and public assistance status of individuals experiencing FI. Methods: A large-scale, cross-sectional online survey targeting Japanese adult panel members was conducted in 2022. In total, 23,576 respondents were included in the final analysis. The internal validity of the FIES was evaluated according to FAO guidelines. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to determine the associations between FI and sociodemographic factors as well as other factors. Results: The FI scale in this population was acceptable, as indicated by infit statistics ranging from 0.7 to 1.3. Reliability was adequate (0.72). Additionally, the number of types of public assistance (AOR [95% CI] = 1.17 [1.00-1.47]) and factors such as greater severity of psychological distress (AOR [95% CI] = 5.89 [4.74-7.33]) were significantly associated with a higher risk of FI. Conclusions: This study confirmed the reliability and internal validity of the FIES in a Japanese population and identified characteristics of groups at high risk of FI. Focusing on these populations may help detect previously overlooked FI in developed countries and enable timely interventions. |
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| Grant Information: | 22K17407 The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grants; JPJS00420230002 JSPS Program for Forming Japan's Peak Research Universities (J-PEAKS); 21H04856 The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grants; 20K10467 The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grants; 20K19633 The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grants; 20K13721 The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grants; 21HA2016 The JST Grant (JPMJPF2017), the Health Labor Sciences Research Grant; SK202116 The grant for 2021-2022 Strategic Research Promotion of Yokohama City University |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: COVID-19; Food insufficiency experience scale; Japanese; food assistance; food insecurity; food security |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20251127 Date Completed: 20251127 Latest Revision: 20251130 |
| Update Code: | 20251130 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC12655415 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/nu17223536 |
| PMID: | 41305586 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
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| Abstract: | Background: The Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES), developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), is a standardized tool for measuring food insecurity (FI) and enabling international comparisons. Although reliable tools are essential, the FIES has not yet been applied or validated in research conducted in Japan. This study aimed to assess the internal validity of the FIES among Japanese individuals and to identify the sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and psychological characteristics and public assistance status of individuals experiencing FI. Methods: A large-scale, cross-sectional online survey targeting Japanese adult panel members was conducted in 2022. In total, 23,576 respondents were included in the final analysis. The internal validity of the FIES was evaluated according to FAO guidelines. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to determine the associations between FI and sociodemographic factors as well as other factors. Results: The FI scale in this population was acceptable, as indicated by infit statistics ranging from 0.7 to 1.3. Reliability was adequate (0.72). Additionally, the number of types of public assistance (AOR [95% CI] = 1.17 [1.00-1.47]) and factors such as greater severity of psychological distress (AOR [95% CI] = 5.89 [4.74-7.33]) were significantly associated with a higher risk of FI. Conclusions: This study confirmed the reliability and internal validity of the FIES in a Japanese population and identified characteristics of groups at high risk of FI. Focusing on these populations may help detect previously overlooked FI in developed countries and enable timely interventions. |
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| ISSN: | 2072-6643 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/nu17223536 |