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Phonological processing and encoding in the repetition and recognition of nonwords: A comparative study of Turkish-speaking school-aged children who stutter and their fluent peers.

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Titel: Phonological processing and encoding in the repetition and recognition of nonwords: A comparative study of Turkish-speaking school-aged children who stutter and their fluent peers.
Autoren: Akkaya İ; Independent Researcher, Türkiye. Electronic address: slp.irem.yilmaz@gmail.com., Öge-Daşdöğen Ö; Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Türkiye. Electronic address: oge.ozlem@gmail.com.
Quelle: Journal of fluency disorders [J Fluency Disord] 2025 Dec; Vol. 86, pp. 106169. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 30.
Publikationsart: Journal Article; Comparative Study
Sprache: English
Info zur Zeitschrift: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7601744 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-801X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0094730X NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Fluency Disord Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: New York, NY : Elsevier
Original Publication: Tampa, Research Foundation for Communication Disorders.
MeSH-Schlagworte: Stuttering*/psychology , Stuttering*/physiopathology , Phonetics* , Recognition, Psychology*/physiology, Humans ; Child ; Male ; Female ; Turkey
Abstract: Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Purpose: This study compares the performance of Turkish-speaking school-aged children who stutter (CWS) and their fluent peers (CWNS) in nonword recognition (NW rec ) and nonword repetition (NW rep ) tasks. The effects of syllable length on NW rec accuracy and NW rep accuracy, number of attempts, and first-attempt accuracy were examined. NW rep fluency was assessed only in the CWS group.
Method: Seventeen CWS (6-12 years) and 17 age- and sex-matched CWNS participated. NW rec required identifying a target nonword from three probes across syllable lengths (2-, 3-, and 4-syllables). NW rep involved repeating 12 nonwords per syllable set, assessing accuracy, attempts, first-attempt accuracy, and fluency.
Results: Group significantly predicted NW rec (p = .039), with CWNS outperforming CWS. Age positively affected NW rec (p = .003) and NW rep accuracy (p < .001). Syllable length influenced NW rep accuracy (p < .001), number of attempts (p < .001), and fluency (p = .004). Significant Group × Length interactions were found for number of attempts (p < .001) and first-attempt accuracy (p = .006). Post-hoc comparisons were conducted for these interactions and fluency. Two-syllable items were most fluent, and group differences were most pronounced in the four-syllable condition.
Conclusion: CWNS outperformed CWS in NW rec . Age influenced NW rec and NW rep accuracy. Syllable length did not affect NW rec but impacted NW rep : accuracy declined, attempts increased, and first-attempt accuracy and fluency decreased with longer nonwords. Significant interactions emerged for first-attempt accuracy and attempts, with four-syllable items especially challenging for CWS. Findings underscore NW rep 's phonological-articulatory demands, supporting separate recognition and production assessment.
(Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Nonword recognition; Nonword repetition; Phonological processing; Phonological working memory; Stuttering
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20251109 Date Completed: 20251124 Latest Revision: 20251124
Update Code: 20251125
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106169
PMID: 41207080
Datenbank: MEDLINE
Beschreibung
Abstract:Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.<br />Purpose: This study compares the performance of Turkish-speaking school-aged children who stutter (CWS) and their fluent peers (CWNS) in nonword recognition (NW <subscript>rec</subscript> ) and nonword repetition (NW <subscript>rep</subscript> ) tasks. The effects of syllable length on NW <subscript>rec</subscript> accuracy and NW <subscript>rep</subscript> accuracy, number of attempts, and first-attempt accuracy were examined. NW <subscript>rep</subscript> fluency was assessed only in the CWS group.<br />Method: Seventeen CWS (6-12 years) and 17 age- and sex-matched CWNS participated. NW <subscript>rec</subscript> required identifying a target nonword from three probes across syllable lengths (2-, 3-, and 4-syllables). NW <subscript>rep</subscript> involved repeating 12 nonwords per syllable set, assessing accuracy, attempts, first-attempt accuracy, and fluency.<br />Results: Group significantly predicted NW <subscript>rec</subscript> (p = .039), with CWNS outperforming CWS. Age positively affected NW <subscript>rec</subscript> (p = .003) and NW <subscript>rep</subscript> accuracy (p &lt; .001). Syllable length influenced NW <subscript>rep</subscript> accuracy (p &lt; .001), number of attempts (p &lt; .001), and fluency (p = .004). Significant Group × Length interactions were found for number of attempts (p &lt; .001) and first-attempt accuracy (p = .006). Post-hoc comparisons were conducted for these interactions and fluency. Two-syllable items were most fluent, and group differences were most pronounced in the four-syllable condition.<br />Conclusion: CWNS outperformed CWS in NW <subscript>rec</subscript> . Age influenced NW <subscript>rec</subscript> and NW <subscript>rep</subscript> accuracy. Syllable length did not affect NW <subscript>rec</subscript> but impacted NW <subscript>rep</subscript> : accuracy declined, attempts increased, and first-attempt accuracy and fluency decreased with longer nonwords. Significant interactions emerged for first-attempt accuracy and attempts, with four-syllable items especially challenging for CWS. Findings underscore NW <subscript>rep</subscript> 's phonological-articulatory demands, supporting separate recognition and production assessment.<br /> (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
ISSN:1873-801X
DOI:10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106169