A stochastic wideband propagation-graph channel model for plants-affected drones air-to-ground mmWave communications.
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| Názov: | A stochastic wideband propagation-graph channel model for plants-affected drones air-to-ground mmWave communications. |
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| Autori: | Zhang J; School of Police Information, Shandong Police College, Jinan, China., Liu L; School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China., Li SB; Shandong Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Traffic Control and Guidance Technology for Public Security, Shandong Police College, Jinan, China., Xu Y; School of Management Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan, China. |
| Zdroj: | PloS one [PLoS One] 2025 Oct 29; Vol. 20 (10), pp. e0333929. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 29 (Print Publication: 2025). |
| Spôsob vydávania: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
| Informácie o časopise: | Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science |
| Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: | Unmanned Aerial Devices* , Wireless Technology* , Models, Theoretical*, Stochastic Processes |
| Abstrakt: | Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are experiencing extensive worldwide application across various fields, particularly in outdoor scenarios that often involve vegetation. A comprehensive understanding of the air-to-ground (A2G) wireless link channel and fading characteristics is crucial for the deployment and optimization of communication systems. In this paper, we propose a A2G wideband wireless channel model that integrates line-of-sight (LoS), reflection, and scattering propagation mechanisms at typical millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands based on the stochastic propagation-graph model. First, a geometric fractal tree modeling method is introduced to represent a single tree, the size and distribution of trees are modeled based on the stochastic theory. The propagation-graph (PG) model is then employed to simulate the A2G channel impulse response (CIR) at 28 GHz, taking into account maximal propagation delay constraints. On this basis, we investigate the spatial cross-correlation function (CCF) at different positions and effects of different UAV heights and circular movement radii on delay spread. Additionally, we study key small-scale statistical channel properties, including the power delay profile (PDP), power angular profile (PAP), and Doppler power spectrum density (DPSD). Our simulation results demonstrate that vegetation significantly impacts channel dispersion in spatial-temporal-frequency domains, and our model effectively captures the non-stationarity of UAV A2G channels. (Copyright: © 2025 Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.) |
| References: | Sensors (Basel). 2019 Oct 23;19(21):. (PMID: 31652740) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20251029 Date Completed: 20251029 Latest Revision: 20251101 |
| Update Code: | 20251101 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC12571313 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0333929 |
| PMID: | 41160592 |
| Databáza: | MEDLINE |
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Nájsť tento článok vo Web of Science | Abstrakt: | Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.<br />Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are experiencing extensive worldwide application across various fields, particularly in outdoor scenarios that often involve vegetation. A comprehensive understanding of the air-to-ground (A2G) wireless link channel and fading characteristics is crucial for the deployment and optimization of communication systems. In this paper, we propose a A2G wideband wireless channel model that integrates line-of-sight (LoS), reflection, and scattering propagation mechanisms at typical millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands based on the stochastic propagation-graph model. First, a geometric fractal tree modeling method is introduced to represent a single tree, the size and distribution of trees are modeled based on the stochastic theory. The propagation-graph (PG) model is then employed to simulate the A2G channel impulse response (CIR) at 28 GHz, taking into account maximal propagation delay constraints. On this basis, we investigate the spatial cross-correlation function (CCF) at different positions and effects of different UAV heights and circular movement radii on delay spread. Additionally, we study key small-scale statistical channel properties, including the power delay profile (PDP), power angular profile (PAP), and Doppler power spectrum density (DPSD). Our simulation results demonstrate that vegetation significantly impacts channel dispersion in spatial-temporal-frequency domains, and our model effectively captures the non-stationarity of UAV A2G channels.<br /> (Copyright: © 2025 Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.) |
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| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0333929 |