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Source reconstruction of clinical resting-state EEG reveals differences in power and functional connectivity in children with developmental dyslexia.

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Title: Source reconstruction of clinical resting-state EEG reveals differences in power and functional connectivity in children with developmental dyslexia.
Authors: Garnica-Agudelo D; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany. Electronic address: david.garnica@med.uni-goettingen.de., Smith SDW; Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom; Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: stuart.smith2@gosh.nhs.uk., van de Velden D; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany. Electronic address: daniel.velden@med.uni-goettingen.de., Stier C; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany. Electronic address: christina.stier@med.uni-goettingen.de., Brockmann K; Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany. Electronic address: knut.brockmann@med.uni-goettingen.de., Schroeder S; Department of Educational Psychology, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany. Electronic address: sascha.schroeder@psych.uni-goettingen.de., Neef NE; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany. Electronic address: nicole.neef@med.uni-goettingen.de., Focke NK; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany. Electronic address: niels.focke@med.uni-goettingen.de.
Source: Neuropsychologia [Neuropsychologia] 2025 Dec 15; Vol. 219, pp. 109289. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 26.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Language: English
Journal Info: Publisher: Pergamon Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0020713 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-3514 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00283932 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neuropsychologia Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Oxford : Pergamon Press
Original Publication: Oxford.
MeSH Terms: Dyslexia*/physiopathology , Dyslexia*/diagnostic imaging , Electroencephalography* , Cerebral Cortex*/physiopathology , Brain Waves*/physiology , Brain*/physiopathology, Humans ; Child ; Male ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Rest ; Reading ; Neural Pathways/physiopathology
Abstract: Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest Niels K. Focke received honoraria from Arvelle, Jazz Pharma, Bial, Eisai, and EGI-Phillips, all unrelated to the current work. We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publication Funds of the Göttingen University. All other authors report no disclosures.
Developmental dyslexia is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant difficulties in reading and spelling. Despite lacking routine neuroimaging markers for dyslexia, recent resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) studies have detected atypical functional connectivity (FC) at the sensor-level in children with dyslexia compared to controls. It remains unclear if routine clinical resting-state EEG can be used to detect source-level differences between children with dyslexia and controls. Using retrospective data, we investigated 70 children with dyslexia and 50 typically developing controls. We analyzed 50 s of awake resting-state routine clinical EEG, calculating power and two FC metrics after source-reconstruction. Additionally, correlations between power or FC and IQ, reading, and spelling performance were analyzed. Children with dyslexia had a decrease in theta FC in left temporo-parieto-occipital regions and an increase in alpha FC in left fronto-temporo-parietal regions. Decreased theta FC was observed for right parieto-occipital regions and an increase of alpha FC in right inferior fronto-temporal regions. Furthermore, children with dyslexia demonstrated lower power in delta and theta within the left parieto-occipital regions. No significant correlations were found between the EEG metrics and cognitive performance scores. Nevertheless, our findings contribute evidence of neurophysiological abnormalities at rest in regions relevant for visual attention and orthographic processing in dyslexia, reinforcing the possible role of oscillatory dynamics in reading and spelling development, and suggest the feasibility of source-reconstructed clinical routine EEG data to inform clinicians about oscillatory alterations in children with dyslexia.
(Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Dyslexia; Electroencephalography; Functional connectivity; Power; Reading; Source reconstruction; Spelling
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20250928 Date Completed: 20251101 Latest Revision: 20251101
Update Code: 20251102
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109289
PMID: 41016426
Database: MEDLINE
Description
Abstract:Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest Niels K. Focke received honoraria from Arvelle, Jazz Pharma, Bial, Eisai, and EGI-Phillips, all unrelated to the current work. We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publication Funds of the Göttingen University. All other authors report no disclosures.<br />Developmental dyslexia is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant difficulties in reading and spelling. Despite lacking routine neuroimaging markers for dyslexia, recent resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) studies have detected atypical functional connectivity (FC) at the sensor-level in children with dyslexia compared to controls. It remains unclear if routine clinical resting-state EEG can be used to detect source-level differences between children with dyslexia and controls. Using retrospective data, we investigated 70 children with dyslexia and 50 typically developing controls. We analyzed 50 s of awake resting-state routine clinical EEG, calculating power and two FC metrics after source-reconstruction. Additionally, correlations between power or FC and IQ, reading, and spelling performance were analyzed. Children with dyslexia had a decrease in theta FC in left temporo-parieto-occipital regions and an increase in alpha FC in left fronto-temporo-parietal regions. Decreased theta FC was observed for right parieto-occipital regions and an increase of alpha FC in right inferior fronto-temporal regions. Furthermore, children with dyslexia demonstrated lower power in delta and theta within the left parieto-occipital regions. No significant correlations were found between the EEG metrics and cognitive performance scores. Nevertheless, our findings contribute evidence of neurophysiological abnormalities at rest in regions relevant for visual attention and orthographic processing in dyslexia, reinforcing the possible role of oscillatory dynamics in reading and spelling development, and suggest the feasibility of source-reconstructed clinical routine EEG data to inform clinicians about oscillatory alterations in children with dyslexia.<br /> (Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
ISSN:1873-3514
DOI:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109289