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The effects of time and money scarcity on regulatory focus: The mediating role of sense of control.

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Názov: The effects of time and money scarcity on regulatory focus: The mediating role of sense of control.
Autori: Wu Y; School of Education, Xuchang University, Xuchang, Henan 461000, China., Feng J; Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute, Beijing 100070, China., Chen W; College of Teacher Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, China., Chen Y; College of Physical Education, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, Henan Province, 461000, China. Electronic address: 20161049@zknu.edu.cn.
Zdroj: Acta psychologica [Acta Psychol (Amst)] 2025 Aug; Vol. 258, pp. 105251. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jul 04.
Spôsob vydávania: Journal Article
Jazyk: English
Informácie o časopise: Publisher: North Holland Publishing Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0370366 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6297 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00016918 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Acta Psychol (Amst) Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Amsterdam : North Holland Publishing
Original Publication: The Hague.
Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: Motivation*/physiology , Internal-External Control*, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Young Adult ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Time Factors ; Sense of Agency
Abstrakt: Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
Regulatory focus involves two motivational systems: the promotion focus, aimed at achieving positive outcomes through proactive behaviors, and the prevention focus, centered on avoiding negative outcomes. These systems have been widely studied and influenced by factors such as resource scarcity. To conduct a comparative study of the effects of time and money scarcity on regulatory focus, this study used a questionnaire study and two experimental studies. The results of Study 1 (N = 371) revealed that both time scarcity and money scarcity positively predicted individuals' prevention focus, but they differed in that time scarcity did not significantly predict individuals' promotion focus, whereas money scarcity negatively predicted individuals' promotion focus. Study 2 (N = 159) revalidated the similarities and differences found in Study 1 by manipulating either time scarcity or money scarcity and revealed a causal relationship between (time and money) scarcity and regulatory focus. Study 3 (N = 178), which also used an experimental approach, revealed a crucial mediating role of sense of control based on the validation of the similarities and differences mentioned above. This study not only answered the theoretical contradictions with an empirical study but also provided an important perspective on comparative research on the influence of the sense of scarcity on regulatory focus and emphasized the key role of the sense of control.
(Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Money scarcity; Regulatory focus; Sense of control; Time scarcity
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20250705 Date Completed: 20250725 Latest Revision: 20250725
Update Code: 20250725
DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105251
PMID: 40617112
Databáza: MEDLINE
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Abstrakt:Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.<br />Regulatory focus involves two motivational systems: the promotion focus, aimed at achieving positive outcomes through proactive behaviors, and the prevention focus, centered on avoiding negative outcomes. These systems have been widely studied and influenced by factors such as resource scarcity. To conduct a comparative study of the effects of time and money scarcity on regulatory focus, this study used a questionnaire study and two experimental studies. The results of Study 1 (N = 371) revealed that both time scarcity and money scarcity positively predicted individuals' prevention focus, but they differed in that time scarcity did not significantly predict individuals' promotion focus, whereas money scarcity negatively predicted individuals' promotion focus. Study 2 (N = 159) revalidated the similarities and differences found in Study 1 by manipulating either time scarcity or money scarcity and revealed a causal relationship between (time and money) scarcity and regulatory focus. Study 3 (N = 178), which also used an experimental approach, revealed a crucial mediating role of sense of control based on the validation of the similarities and differences mentioned above. This study not only answered the theoretical contradictions with an empirical study but also provided an important perspective on comparative research on the influence of the sense of scarcity on regulatory focus and emphasized the key role of the sense of control.<br /> (Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
ISSN:1873-6297
DOI:10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105251