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Risk and protective factors associated with change in well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa.

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Název: Risk and protective factors associated with change in well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa.
Autoři: Assim A; Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa., Solmi M; Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.; Regional Centre for the Treatment of Eating Disorders and on Track: The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI) Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, USA.; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany., Correll CU; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.; Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, New York City, NY, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA.; DZPG, German Center for Mental Health, Berlin, Germany., Thompson T; Centre for Chronic Illness and Ageing, University of Greenwich, London, UK., Estradé A; Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Laboratory, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK., Spies G; South African PTSD Research Program of Excellence, Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.; SAMRC Genomics of Brain Disorders Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa., Seedat S; South African PTSD Research Program of Excellence, Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.; SAMRC Genomics of Brain Disorders Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Zdroj: Acta neuropsychiatrica [Acta Neuropsychiatr] 2025 Jul 02; Vol. 37, pp. e76. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jul 02.
Způsob vydávání: Journal Article
Jazyk: English
Informace o časopise: Publisher: Cambridge University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9612501 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1601-5215 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09242708 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Acta Neuropsychiatr Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 2013- : Cambridge, United Kingdom : Cambridge University Press
Original Publication: Maarssen : Interdisciplinair Genootschap voor Biologische Psychiatrie
Výrazy ze slovníku MeSH: COVID-19*/epidemiology , COVID-19*/psychology , Mental Health*/statistics & numerical data , Social Determinants of Health*/statistics & numerical data , Psychological Well-Being*/psychology , Mental Disorders*/epidemiology , Mental Disorders*/etiology, Cross-Sectional Studies ; South Africa/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Risk Factors ; Pandemics/statistics & numerical data ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Protective Factors
Abstrakt: Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictive measures affected the mental health and well-being of individuals globally. We assessed non-modifiable and modifiable factors associated with the change in well-being and mental health from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa.
Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from 26 April, 2020, to 22 April, 2021. Paired samples t -tests were conducted to assess change in well-being (measured on The World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5)) and mental health (a validated composite psychopathology p-score). Sociodemographic, environmental, clinical, and behavioural factors associated with change in outcomes were examined.
Results: The sample comprised of 1866 adults ( M age = 44.26 ± 17.36 years, female = 78.9%). Results indicated a significant decrease in well-being ( p < 0.001) and increase in p -score ( p < 0.001) from before to during the pandemic. Having a prior mental health condition was associated with a worsening well-being score, while being female was associated with a worsening p-score. Being of Black African descent was associated with improved p-score and higher socio-economic status (SES) was associated with improved well-being. Factors associated with worsening of both well-being and the p-score included adulthood adversity, financial loss since COVID-19, and placing greater importance on direct contact/interactions and substance use as coping strategies. Higher education level and endorsing studying/learning something new as a very important coping strategy were associated with improved well-being and p-score.
Conclusion: Findings inform the need for targeted interventions to reduce and prevent adverse well-being and mental health outcomes during a pandemic, especially among vulnerable groups.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: COVID-19; mental health; pandemic; protective factors; risk factors; well-being
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20250702 Date Completed: 20250911 Latest Revision: 20250911
Update Code: 20250912
DOI: 10.1017/neu.2025.10026
PMID: 40598889
Databáze: MEDLINE
Popis
Abstrakt:Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictive measures affected the mental health and well-being of individuals globally. We assessed non-modifiable and modifiable factors associated with the change in well-being and mental health from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa.<br />Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from 26 April, 2020, to 22 April, 2021. Paired samples t -tests were conducted to assess change in well-being (measured on The World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5)) and mental health (a validated composite psychopathology p-score). Sociodemographic, environmental, clinical, and behavioural factors associated with change in outcomes were examined.<br />Results: The sample comprised of 1866 adults ( M age = 44.26 ± 17.36 years, female = 78.9%). Results indicated a significant decrease in well-being ( p &lt; 0.001) and increase in p -score ( p &lt; 0.001) from before to during the pandemic. Having a prior mental health condition was associated with a worsening well-being score, while being female was associated with a worsening p-score. Being of Black African descent was associated with improved p-score and higher socio-economic status (SES) was associated with improved well-being. Factors associated with worsening of both well-being and the p-score included adulthood adversity, financial loss since COVID-19, and placing greater importance on direct contact/interactions and substance use as coping strategies. Higher education level and endorsing studying/learning something new as a very important coping strategy were associated with improved well-being and p-score.<br />Conclusion: Findings inform the need for targeted interventions to reduce and prevent adverse well-being and mental health outcomes during a pandemic, especially among vulnerable groups.
ISSN:1601-5215
DOI:10.1017/neu.2025.10026