Female Leadership during COVID-19: The Effectiveness of Diverse Approaches towards Mitigation Management during a Pandemic.
Uložené v:
| Názov: | Female Leadership during COVID-19: The Effectiveness of Diverse Approaches towards Mitigation Management during a Pandemic. |
|---|---|
| Autori: | Ozdenerol E; Spatial Analysis and Geographic Education Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA., Bingham-Byrne RM; Spatial Analysis and Geographic Education Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA., Seboly J; Department of Geosciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA. |
| Zdroj: | International journal of environmental research and public health [Int J Environ Res Public Health] 2023 Nov 06; Vol. 20 (21). Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 06. |
| Spôsob vydávania: | Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| Jazyk: | English |
| Informácie o časopise: | Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101238455 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1660-4601 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16604601 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Environ Res Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Basel : MDPI, c2004- |
| Výrazy zo slovníka MeSH: | Pandemics*/prevention & control , COVID-19*/epidemiology , COVID-19*/prevention & control, Aged ; Humans ; Female ; Leadership ; Bangladesh ; Barbados |
| Abstrakt: | This paper tackles the question of how female leaders at national levels of government managed COVID-19 response and recovery from the first COVID-19 case in their respective countries through to 30 September 2021. The aim of this study was to determine which COVID-19 mitigations were effective in lowering the viral reproduction rate and number of new cases (per million) in each of the fourteen female presidents' countries-Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Bolivia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Lithuania, New Zealand, Norway, Serbia, and Taiwan. We first compared these countries by finding a mean case rate (29,420 per million), mean death rate (294 per million), and mean excess mortality rate (+1640 per million). We then analyzed the following mitigation measures per country: school closing, workplace closing, canceling public events, restrictions on gatherings, closing public transport, stay-at-home requirements, restrictions on internal movement, international travel controls, income support, debt/contract relief, fiscal measures, international support, public information campaigns, testing policy, contact tracing, emergency investment in healthcare, investment in vaccines, facial coverings, vaccination policy, and protection of the elderly. We utilized the random forest approach to examine the predictive significance of these variables, providing more interpretability. Subsequently, we then applied the Wilcoxon rank-sum statistical test to see the differences with and without mitigation in effect for the variables that were found to be significant by the random forest model. We observed that different mitigation strategies varied in their effectiveness. Notably, restrictions on internal movement and the closure of public transportation proved to be highly effective in reducing the spread of COVID-19. Embracing qualities such as community-based, empathetic, and personable leadership can foster greater trust among citizens, ensuring continued adherence to governmental policies like mask mandates and stay-at-home orders, ultimately enhancing long-term crisis management. |
| References: | Personal Disord. 2012 Jul;3(3):327-40. (PMID: 22823232) Science. 2020 May 8;368(6491):638-642. (PMID: 32234804) BMJ. 2008 Jan 12;336(7635):77-80. (PMID: 18042961) Brain. 2009 May;132(Pt 5):1396-406. (PMID: 19213778) J R Soc Interface. 2021 Apr;18(177):20200970. (PMID: 33849340) Soc Sci Med. 2022 Oct;311:115358. (PMID: 36113210) BMJ. 2020 Mar 17;368:m1066. (PMID: 32184233) Lancet. 2014 Jul 5;384(9937):53-63. (PMID: 24996590) Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2021 Feb;42(2):244-245. (PMID: 32389156) JAMA. 2007 Aug 8;298(6):644-54. (PMID: 17684187) PLoS Comput Biol. 2011 Feb 10;7(2):e1001076. (PMID: 21347316) Emerg Infect Dis. 2004 Jul;10(7):1206-12. (PMID: 15324539) PLoS One. 2006 Dec 20;1:e12. (PMID: 17183638) JAMA. 2020 Apr 14;323(14):1341-1342. (PMID: 32125371) Emerg Infect Dis. 2020 Jul;26(7):. (PMID: 32364890) Nature. 2020 Dec;588(7838):384-387. (PMID: 33318682) Lancet. 2020 Mar 21;395(10228):931-934. (PMID: 32164834) Psychol Sci. 2013 Dec;24(12):2379-89. (PMID: 24104503) Emerg Infect Dis. 2006 Jan;12(1):88-94. (PMID: 16494723) Assessment. 2000 Dec;7(4):403-20. (PMID: 11151965) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Aug 23;119(34):e2200652119. (PMID: 35969766) BMJ Glob Health. 2021 Jan;6(1):. (PMID: 33514593) Lancet Public Health. 2020 Aug;5(8):e417-e418. (PMID: 32682488) Sci Rep. 2021 Oct 14;11(1):20495. (PMID: 34650119) Lancet Respir Med. 2020 Jun;8(6):547-548. (PMID: 32401711) J Urban Health. 2021 Feb;98(1):1-12. (PMID: 33415697) Lancet. 2020 Mar 14;395(10227):912-920. (PMID: 32112714) |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: COVID-19; female presidents; gender differences; leadership; mitigation |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20231110 Date Completed: 20231113 Latest Revision: 20231129 |
| Update Code: | 20250114 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC10649683 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijerph20217023 |
| PMID: | 37947579 |
| Databáza: | MEDLINE |
Full Text 
Full Text Finder 
Nájsť tento článok vo Web of Science | Abstrakt: | This paper tackles the question of how female leaders at national levels of government managed COVID-19 response and recovery from the first COVID-19 case in their respective countries through to 30 September 2021. The aim of this study was to determine which COVID-19 mitigations were effective in lowering the viral reproduction rate and number of new cases (per million) in each of the fourteen female presidents' countries-Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Bolivia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Lithuania, New Zealand, Norway, Serbia, and Taiwan. We first compared these countries by finding a mean case rate (29,420 per million), mean death rate (294 per million), and mean excess mortality rate (+1640 per million). We then analyzed the following mitigation measures per country: school closing, workplace closing, canceling public events, restrictions on gatherings, closing public transport, stay-at-home requirements, restrictions on internal movement, international travel controls, income support, debt/contract relief, fiscal measures, international support, public information campaigns, testing policy, contact tracing, emergency investment in healthcare, investment in vaccines, facial coverings, vaccination policy, and protection of the elderly. We utilized the random forest approach to examine the predictive significance of these variables, providing more interpretability. Subsequently, we then applied the Wilcoxon rank-sum statistical test to see the differences with and without mitigation in effect for the variables that were found to be significant by the random forest model. We observed that different mitigation strategies varied in their effectiveness. Notably, restrictions on internal movement and the closure of public transportation proved to be highly effective in reducing the spread of COVID-19. Embracing qualities such as community-based, empathetic, and personable leadership can foster greater trust among citizens, ensuring continued adherence to governmental policies like mask mandates and stay-at-home orders, ultimately enhancing long-term crisis management. |
|---|---|
| ISSN: | 1660-4601 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijerph20217023 |