Does Open Government Data Alleviate the Burden on Government Employees? Evidence From a Quasi‐Experiment in China.

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Bibliographic Details
Title: Does Open Government Data Alleviate the Burden on Government Employees? Evidence From a Quasi‐Experiment in China.
Authors: Wu, Jianxian1,2,3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Review of Policy Research. Nov2025, p1. 17p. 2 Illustrations.
Subject Terms: *PUBLIC administration, *DIGITAL transformation, *ADMINISTRATIVE efficiency, *CIVIL service, *PERFORMANCE management, GOVERNMENT information, INTERNET in public administration
Geographic Terms: CHINA
Abstract (English): ABSTRACT The digital transformation of public administration has prompted significant debates about its effects on government operational efficiency and employee workload management. This study examines the relationship between open government data initiatives and government employees' burden by utilizing satellite‐measured nighttime light intensity to capture nocturnal government overtime activities across 315 Chinese cities. Employing a difference‐in‐differences methodology, we compare cities that established big data management agencies since 2014 (treatment group) with other cities (control group). Our empirical findings demonstrate that open government data policy implementation reduced nighttime government overtime by 1.05% in pilot cities. Using lightning duration as an exogenous instrumental variable reveals that the true effect of open government data policy is substantially larger, with government nighttime overtime decreasing by 10.24%. Interview surveys indicate that efficiency improvement mechanisms operate through enhanced information management efficiency, reduced manual administrative tasks, and strengthened inter‐departmental coordination. Although our analysis identifies potential adverse effects—where increased public access to information generates higher citizen engagement that unexpectedly increases government employee workload—the positive impacts substantially outweigh the negative consequences. These findings contribute to the growing literature on digital government transformation and provide empirical evidence for policymakers seeking to optimize public sector efficiency through data‐driven governance reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): RESUMEN La transformación digital de la administración pública ha generado importantes debates sobre sus efectos en la eficiencia operativa del gobierno y la gestión de la carga de trabajo de los empleados. Este estudio examina la relación entre las iniciativas de datos gubernamentales abiertos y la carga de los empleados públicos, utilizando la intensidad lumínica nocturna medida por satélite para registrar las horas extras nocturnas del gobierno en 315 ciudades chinas. Mediante una metodología de diferencias en diferencias, comparamos las ciudades que establecieron agencias de gestión de macrodatos desde 2014 (grupo experimental) con otras ciudades (grupo de control). Nuestros hallazgos empíricos demuestran que la implementación de políticas de datos gubernamentales abiertos redujo las horas extras nocturnas del gobierno en un 1,05 % en las ciudades piloto. Al utilizar la duración de los rayos como variable instrumental exógena, se observa que el verdadero efecto de las políticas de datos gubernamentales abiertos es considerablemente mayor, con una disminución de las horas extras nocturnas del gobierno del 10,24 %. Las encuestas indican que los mecanismos de mejora de la eficiencia operan a través de una mayor eficiencia en la gestión de la información, la reducción de las tareas administrativas manuales y una mejor coordinación interdepartamental. Si bien nuestro análisis identifica posibles efectos adversos —donde un mayor acceso público a la información genera una mayor participación ciudadana que, inesperadamente, incrementa la carga de trabajo de los empleados públicos—, los impactos positivos superan con creces las consecuencias negativas. Estos hallazgos contribuyen a la creciente literatura sobre la transformación digital del gobierno y proporcionan evidencia empírica para los responsables políticos que buscan optimizar la eficiencia del sector público mediante reformas de gobernanza basadas en datos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Chinese): 摘要 公共行政的数字化转型引发了关于其对政府运营效率和员工工作量管理影响的广泛讨论。本研究利用卫星测量的夜间灯光强度数据,描述了中国315个城市的政府夜间加班情况,以此考察开放政府数据举措与政府雇员负担之间的关系。我们采用双重差分法,将自2014年以来建立大数据管理机构的城市(实验组)与其他城市(对照组)进行比较。实证结果表明,开放政府数据政策的实施使试点城市的政府夜间加班时间减少了1.05%。以闪电持续时间作为外生工具变量,我们发现,开放政府数据政策的实际效果更为显著,政府夜间加班时间减少了10.24%。访谈调查显示,效率提升机制主要体现在信息管理效率的提高、人工行政工作的减少,以及部门间协调的加强等方面。我们的分析虽然指出了潜在的负面影响——例如,公众获取信息的渠道增多会提高公民参与度,从而意外地增加政府雇员的工作量——但其积极影响远远大于负面影响。这些发现丰富了关于数字化政府转型的文献,并为“寻求通过数据驱动的治理改革来优化公共部门效率”的政策制定者提供了实证依据。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Abstract:ABSTRACT The digital transformation of public administration has prompted significant debates about its effects on government operational efficiency and employee workload management. This study examines the relationship between open government data initiatives and government employees' burden by utilizing satellite‐measured nighttime light intensity to capture nocturnal government overtime activities across 315 Chinese cities. Employing a difference‐in‐differences methodology, we compare cities that established big data management agencies since 2014 (treatment group) with other cities (control group). Our empirical findings demonstrate that open government data policy implementation reduced nighttime government overtime by 1.05% in pilot cities. Using lightning duration as an exogenous instrumental variable reveals that the true effect of open government data policy is substantially larger, with government nighttime overtime decreasing by 10.24%. Interview surveys indicate that efficiency improvement mechanisms operate through enhanced information management efficiency, reduced manual administrative tasks, and strengthened inter‐departmental coordination. Although our analysis identifies potential adverse effects—where increased public access to information generates higher citizen engagement that unexpectedly increases government employee workload—the positive impacts substantially outweigh the negative consequences. These findings contribute to the growing literature on digital government transformation and provide empirical evidence for policymakers seeking to optimize public sector efficiency through data‐driven governance reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:1541132X
DOI:10.1111/ropr.70068