In EDS ansehen

The influence of irrigation with Lake Kinneret water on the chemistry of soils in the headwater basin.

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Titel: The influence of irrigation with Lake Kinneret water on the chemistry of soils in the headwater basin.
Autoren: Litaor, M. Iggy1,2 (AUTHOR) litaori@telha.ac.il, Badihi, Naama1 (AUTHOR), Amouyal, Avishag1,2 (AUTHOR), Reichman, Oren1 (AUTHOR)
Quelle: Soil Science Society of America Journal. May2025, Vol. 89 Issue 3, p1-14. 14p.
Schlagwörter: *SOIL chemistry, *WATER springs, *IRRIGATION water, *FACTOR structure, *WATER chemistry, *SOIL salinity
Abstract: The farming areas in the catchment of Lake Kinneret basin are irrigated with Dan Spring waters, characterized by a concentration of 10 mg/L of Cl. Climate change simulation predicts that by the year 2050, the flow of the headwater springs will drop by 20%, a finding that poses a significant threat to the future of farming in the basin. The Israel Water Authority proposed irrigating Kinneret water after dilution with the Dan Spring water. To test the possible ramifications on soil health, three irrigation treatments were used, including Kinneret water (300 mg/L Cl−), mix‐diluted water (150 mg/L Cl−), and control irrigation with Dan water (10 mg/L Cl−). The experiment was conducted in a factorial structure (5 common soils × 3 treatments × 6 repetitions) in 25‐L pots. A total of 945 weekly leachates were sampled, and Cl, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) were determined. To determine the exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), soil samples were collected from two depths (0–10 cm and 30–40 cm). Significant differences were found between the three treatments in all salinity and sodicity parameters (p < 0.001) measured in leachates and soils. The difference between the treatments was most pronounced in the summer when the Kinneret‐irrigated soils exhibited means of EC, 3584 µS/cm; Cl, 1694 mg/L; SAR, 10.07 meq/L0.5; and ESP, 8.2%. Changes in salinity and sodicity in leachates and soils corresponded well to changes in evaporation. This test study strongly suggests that changing water sources for irrigation because of climate change may increase soil salinity across the entire Mediterranean region. Core Ideas: Significant differences were found between the irrigation treatments in all salinity and sodicity parameters.Irrigation with semi‐saline water may increase Mediterranean soil salinity and sodicity.Two years of experiment showed increasing sodium adsorption ratio, EC, and Cl in the soil leachates.Changes in salinity and sodicity in leachates and soils corresponded well to changes in evaporation. Plain Language Summary: The farming areas in the catchment of the Lake Kinneret basin are irrigated with Dan Spring waters, characterized by a concentration of 10 mg/L of Cl. Climate change simulation predicts that by the year 2050, the flow of the headwater springs will drop by 20%, a finding that poses a significant threat to the future of farming in the basin. We conducted an experiment in a factorial structure. Over 945 weekly leachates were sampled, and Cl, pH, electrical conductivity, sodium adsorption ratio, and sodicity index were determined. Significant differences were found between the three treatments in all salinity and sodicity parameters measured in leachates and soils. The difference between the treatments was most pronounced in the summer. Changes in salinity and sodicity in leachates and soils corresponded well to changes in evaporation. This test study strongly suggests that changing water sources for irrigation because of climate change may increase soil salinity across the entire Mediterranean region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Datenbank: Academic Search Index
Beschreibung
Abstract:The farming areas in the catchment of Lake Kinneret basin are irrigated with Dan Spring waters, characterized by a concentration of 10 mg/L of Cl. Climate change simulation predicts that by the year 2050, the flow of the headwater springs will drop by 20%, a finding that poses a significant threat to the future of farming in the basin. The Israel Water Authority proposed irrigating Kinneret water after dilution with the Dan Spring water. To test the possible ramifications on soil health, three irrigation treatments were used, including Kinneret water (300 mg/L Cl−), mix‐diluted water (150 mg/L Cl−), and control irrigation with Dan water (10 mg/L Cl−). The experiment was conducted in a factorial structure (5 common soils × 3 treatments × 6 repetitions) in 25‐L pots. A total of 945 weekly leachates were sampled, and Cl, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) were determined. To determine the exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), soil samples were collected from two depths (0–10 cm and 30–40 cm). Significant differences were found between the three treatments in all salinity and sodicity parameters (p < 0.001) measured in leachates and soils. The difference between the treatments was most pronounced in the summer when the Kinneret‐irrigated soils exhibited means of EC, 3584 µS/cm; Cl, 1694 mg/L; SAR, 10.07 meq/L0.5; and ESP, 8.2%. Changes in salinity and sodicity in leachates and soils corresponded well to changes in evaporation. This test study strongly suggests that changing water sources for irrigation because of climate change may increase soil salinity across the entire Mediterranean region. Core Ideas: Significant differences were found between the irrigation treatments in all salinity and sodicity parameters.Irrigation with semi‐saline water may increase Mediterranean soil salinity and sodicity.Two years of experiment showed increasing sodium adsorption ratio, EC, and Cl in the soil leachates.Changes in salinity and sodicity in leachates and soils corresponded well to changes in evaporation. Plain Language Summary: The farming areas in the catchment of the Lake Kinneret basin are irrigated with Dan Spring waters, characterized by a concentration of 10 mg/L of Cl. Climate change simulation predicts that by the year 2050, the flow of the headwater springs will drop by 20%, a finding that poses a significant threat to the future of farming in the basin. We conducted an experiment in a factorial structure. Over 945 weekly leachates were sampled, and Cl, pH, electrical conductivity, sodium adsorption ratio, and sodicity index were determined. Significant differences were found between the three treatments in all salinity and sodicity parameters measured in leachates and soils. The difference between the treatments was most pronounced in the summer. Changes in salinity and sodicity in leachates and soils corresponded well to changes in evaporation. This test study strongly suggests that changing water sources for irrigation because of climate change may increase soil salinity across the entire Mediterranean region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:03615995
DOI:10.1002/saj2.70087