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Evolução das Ações de Nulidade de Patentes Entre 2019 a 2024 E Propostas para Minimizar a Subjetividade na Análise de Obviedade.

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Title: Evolução das Ações de Nulidade de Patentes Entre 2019 a 2024 E Propostas para Minimizar a Subjetividade na Análise de Obviedade.
Alternate Title: Evolution of Patent Nullity Actions from 2019 To 2024 and Proposals to Minimize Subjectivity in the Analysis of Obviousness.
Authors: Oliveira Uchôa, Fábio1 fabioouchoa@gmail.com, Araújo Tavares da Silva, Flávia Luiza2 flavialuats@hotmail.com, Belmino dos Santos, João Antônio3 santosjabpb@gmail.com
Source: Revista FSA. May2025, Vol. 22 Issue 5, p58-77. 20p.
Subject Terms: *PATENT databases, *JUDGE-made law, *INTERNATIONAL law, *PATENTS, *SUBJECTIVITY
Abstract (English): This work discusses the retrospective effect in the assessment of the patent requirement for inventive step, a phenomenon that poses a major obstacle to objectivity in patent evaluations. Thus, the main objective is to analyze patent nullity actions between 2019 and 2024 in relation to the inventive step requirement in Brazil, in order to improve patent examination and formulate guidelines that minimize the subjectivity arising from hindsight bias. Initially, a qualitative approach was adopted for this study, which is also characterized as applied research, involving documentary analysis of patent databases, legislation, manuals, and both national and international case law. In a second stage, the impact of the obviousness assessment on inventions was analyzed, particularly with regard to the number of patent nullity actions over the past six years. Additionally, the study addresses the influence of subjectivity in the analysis of obviousness. Regarding the number of patent nullities from 2019 to 2024, the findings indicate a high but relatively stable figure compared to previous years. Nevertheless, the data on patent invalidation confirm that this issue is not exclusive to Brazil. Finally, based on the principles and guidelines of both the INPI and the IP5, suggestions were proposed aiming to minimize examiner/judge subjectivity. In this way, the work proposes that patent decisions become more effective and of higher quality, ensuring not only the protection of creators' rights but also a fairer and more competitive environment for innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): Este trabalho discute o efeito retrospectivo na avaliação do requisito de patente para atividade inventiva, um fenômeno que constitui um grande obstáculo à objetividade nas avaliações de patentes. Desse modo, o objetivo principal é analisar as ações de nulidade de patentes entre 2019 e 2024 em relação ao requisito de atividade inventiva no Brasil, a fim de aprimorar o exame de patentes e formular diretrizes que minimizem a subjetividade decorrente do viés retrospectivo. Inicialmente, foi adotado o método de abordagem qualitativo, caracterizando-se também como uma pesquisa aplicada, com consulta documental em bases de patentes, legislações, manuais e jurisprudência nacional e internacional. Em segundo momento, foi realizada a análise do impacto da avaliação da obviedade sobre as invenções, principalmente no que se refere ao número de ações nulidades de patentes nos últimos seis anos. Além disso, aborda-se o impacto subjetivismo na análise de obviedade. Em relação ao quantitativo de nulidades de patentes no período de 2019 a 2024, verificou-se um número elevado, no entanto relativamente estável quando comparado aos anos anteriores. Não obstante, os dados sobre a invalidação de patentes confirmam que essa questão não é um problema restrito ao Brasil. Por fim, com base nos princípios e diretrizes tanto do INPI quanto do IP5, foram pontuadas sugestões buscando afastar ao máximo o subjetivismo do examinador/julgador. Dessa maneira, propõe-se que as decisões sobre patentes se tornem mais eficazes e de maior qualidade, garantindo não apenas salvaguardar os direitos dos criadores, mas também um ambiente mais equitativo e competitivo para a inovação. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Academic Search Index
Description
Abstract:This work discusses the retrospective effect in the assessment of the patent requirement for inventive step, a phenomenon that poses a major obstacle to objectivity in patent evaluations. Thus, the main objective is to analyze patent nullity actions between 2019 and 2024 in relation to the inventive step requirement in Brazil, in order to improve patent examination and formulate guidelines that minimize the subjectivity arising from hindsight bias. Initially, a qualitative approach was adopted for this study, which is also characterized as applied research, involving documentary analysis of patent databases, legislation, manuals, and both national and international case law. In a second stage, the impact of the obviousness assessment on inventions was analyzed, particularly with regard to the number of patent nullity actions over the past six years. Additionally, the study addresses the influence of subjectivity in the analysis of obviousness. Regarding the number of patent nullities from 2019 to 2024, the findings indicate a high but relatively stable figure compared to previous years. Nevertheless, the data on patent invalidation confirm that this issue is not exclusive to Brazil. Finally, based on the principles and guidelines of both the INPI and the IP5, suggestions were proposed aiming to minimize examiner/judge subjectivity. In this way, the work proposes that patent decisions become more effective and of higher quality, ensuring not only the protection of creators' rights but also a fairer and more competitive environment for innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:18066356
DOI:10.12819/2025.22.5.4