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Compiling scientific risk assessment and normative analyses in a single chart: development of a framework including exposure-pathway-targets and value arguments.

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Title: Compiling scientific risk assessment and normative analyses in a single chart: development of a framework including exposure-pathway-targets and value arguments.
Authors: Hayashi, Takehiko I.1 (AUTHOR) hayashi.takehiko@nies.go.jp, Hartwig, Manuela Gertrud2 (AUTHOR), Emori, Seita2 (AUTHOR), Sano, Wataru3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Human & Ecological Risk Assessment. 2025, Vol. 31 Issue 5/6, p635-655. 21p.
Subject Terms: *TECHNOLOGICAL risk assessment, *COMMUNICATION ethics, *PASSIVE smoking, *SMOKING bans, *RISK communication
Abstract: Scientific risk assessments and the discussion of values and norms have usually been conducted separately. This separation may be reasonable to avoid conflating factual and value propositions, but this detachment may have hampered discussing normative issues based on relevant scientific assessments. In this study, we developed a normative risk analysis framework for compiling scientific risk assessments and normative arguments in a single chart. The EPTV framework consists of a cross chart with an exposure-pathway-target axis (E-P-T axis) and a value axis (V axis). Exposure-pathway-targets refer to the causal pathway from exposure to target, representing the context from exposure to impact. In general, the magnitude and uncertainties of risk and its normative implications depend on the pathway and context leading to exposure and the impact target. Therefore, exposure-pathway-targets need to be explicitly considered in normative discussions. The value axis explains the normative argument and has three components: (I) well-being, (II) distribution and rights, and (III) intrinsic values. We present a case study in which this risk analysis framework is applied to the case of the revision of secondhand smoke restrictions in Japan. The case study illustrates how the EPTV framework helps organize and present issues while encompassing risk and normative considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Academic Search Index
Description
Abstract:Scientific risk assessments and the discussion of values and norms have usually been conducted separately. This separation may be reasonable to avoid conflating factual and value propositions, but this detachment may have hampered discussing normative issues based on relevant scientific assessments. In this study, we developed a normative risk analysis framework for compiling scientific risk assessments and normative arguments in a single chart. The EPTV framework consists of a cross chart with an exposure-pathway-target axis (E-P-T axis) and a value axis (V axis). Exposure-pathway-targets refer to the causal pathway from exposure to target, representing the context from exposure to impact. In general, the magnitude and uncertainties of risk and its normative implications depend on the pathway and context leading to exposure and the impact target. Therefore, exposure-pathway-targets need to be explicitly considered in normative discussions. The value axis explains the normative argument and has three components: (I) well-being, (II) distribution and rights, and (III) intrinsic values. We present a case study in which this risk analysis framework is applied to the case of the revision of secondhand smoke restrictions in Japan. The case study illustrates how the EPTV framework helps organize and present issues while encompassing risk and normative considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:10807039
DOI:10.1080/10807039.2025.2479734