Objective Assessment of Visuo‐Spatial Ability Using Implicit Context Representation Cartesian Genetic Programming

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is commonly used to measure the shape of the mouth (oral tract), but there are significant disadvantages to its use for measurements during speech or singing. For example, the subject is supine, the local environment is acoustically noisy and the exposure...

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Vydané v:	Genetic and Evolutionary Computation: Medical Applications s. 174 - 189
Hlavní autori:	Lones, Michael A., Smith, Stephen L.
Médium:	Kapitola
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 12.11.2010
Predmet:	advanced modelling, diagnosis and treatment using GEC bottom‐up development process ‐ satisfying functionality profiles CGP efficacy, attributed to implicit reuse of subexpressions CGP, graph‐based genetic programming system ‐ performing well within problem domains geometric shape‐drawing tasks ‐ evaluating visuo‐spatial neglect Implicit Context Representation Cartesian Genetic Programming (IRCGP) IRCGP ‐ to identify meaningful patterns of subject movement objective assessment of visuo‐spatial ability ‐ using implicit context representation Cartesian genetic programming Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis ‐ measuring evolved classifier's fitness Visuo‐spatial ability, person's manipulation ‐ of ‘visual representations and spatial relationships’
ISBN:	9780470748138, 0470748133
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Popis
Shrnutí:	Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is commonly used to measure the shape of the mouth (oral tract), but there are significant disadvantages to its use for measurements during speech or singing. For example, the subject is supine, the local environment is acoustically noisy and the exposure time can be quite long. In this chapter, we describe an experimental method that could replace fMRI for oral tract shape measurement. Oral tracts are evolved for a set of vowels for two adult males using physical modelling 2‐dimensional digital waveguide synthesis. Starting with a population of 50 randomly shaped oral tracts, quite close matches to the target natural acoustic outputs were observed after evolution over 50 generations. This was specially the case for phonetically open vowels (e.g. the vowels in “cat”, “cart” and “caught”) as opposed to the results obtained for phonetically close vowels (such as “kit”, get” and “coot”). It is suggested that this is because of the narrow oral tract constriction associated with close vowels to which special attention needs to be paid in the future and that this technique offers a potential alternative to fMRI for vocal tract shape measurement.
ISBN:	9780470748138 0470748133
DOI:	10.1002/9780470973134.ch10