The p97–Ataxin 3 complex regulates homeostasis of the DNA damage response E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF8

The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF8 (RING finger protein 8) is a pivotal enzyme for DNA repair. However, RNF8 hyper‐accumulation is tumour‐promoting and positively correlates with genome instability, cancer cell invasion, metastasis and poor patient prognosis. Very little is known about the mechanisms regu...

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Published in:The EMBO journal Vol. 38; no. 21; pp. e102361 - n/a
Main Authors: Singh, Abhay Narayan, Oehler, Judith, Torrecilla, Ignacio, Kilgas, Susan, Li, Shudong, Vaz, Bruno, Guérillon, Claire, Fielden, John, Hernandez‐Carralero, Esperanza, Cabrera, Elisa, Tullis, Iain DC, Meerang, Mayura, Barber, Paul R, Freire, Raimundo, Parsons, Jason, Vojnovic, Borivoj, Kiltie, Anne E, Mailand, Niels, Ramadan, Kristijan
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 04.10.2019
Springer Nature B.V
John Wiley and Sons Inc
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ISSN:0261-4189, 1460-2075, 1460-2075
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Abstract The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF8 (RING finger protein 8) is a pivotal enzyme for DNA repair. However, RNF8 hyper‐accumulation is tumour‐promoting and positively correlates with genome instability, cancer cell invasion, metastasis and poor patient prognosis. Very little is known about the mechanisms regulating RNF8 homeostasis to preserve genome stability. Here, we identify the cellular machinery, composed of the p97/VCP ubiquitin‐dependent unfoldase/segregase and the Ataxin 3 (ATX3) deubiquitinase, which together form a physical and functional complex with RNF8 to regulate its proteasome‐dependent homeostasis under physiological conditions. Under genotoxic stress, when RNF8 is rapidly recruited to sites of DNA lesions, the p97–ATX3 machinery stimulates the extraction of RNF8 from chromatin to balance DNA repair pathway choice and promote cell survival after ionising radiation (IR). Inactivation of the p97–ATX3 complex affects the non‐homologous end joining DNA repair pathway and hypersensitises human cancer cells to IR. We propose that the p97–ATX3 complex is the essential machinery for regulation of RNF8 homeostasis under both physiological and genotoxic conditions and that targeting ATX3 may be a promising strategy to radio‐sensitise BRCA‐deficient cancers. Synopsis The RNF8 ubiquitin ligase is a key mediator of the ubiquitin‐mediated DNA damage response and regulator of double strand break repair pathway choice. Here, these roles are shown to depend on homeostatic regulation of RNF8 by the ubiquitin‐dependent segregase p97/VCP and the deubiquitinase Ataxin 3 (ATX3). A p97‐ATX3 complex maintains proteasome‐dependent RNF8 homeostasis under physiological condition. The p97‐ATX3 complex extracts RNF8 from chromatin after its recruitment to DNA damage sites. p97‐ATX3‐mediated RNF8 extraction promotes timely RNF168 recruitment and utilization of non‐homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair. Inactivation of the p97‐ATX3 complex hyper‐sensitizes BRCA2/homologous recombination‐deficient cells to ionizing radiation. Graphical Abstract Chromatin extraction of RNF8 by the ubiquitin‐dependent segregase p97/VCP and the deubiquitinase ATX3 emerges as a key mechanism for balancing DNA repair pathway choice.
AbstractList The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF8 (RING finger protein 8) is a pivotal enzyme for DNA repair. However, RNF8 hyper‐accumulation is tumour‐promoting and positively correlates with genome instability, cancer cell invasion, metastasis and poor patient prognosis. Very little is known about the mechanisms regulating RNF8 homeostasis to preserve genome stability. Here, we identify the cellular machinery, composed of the p97/VCP ubiquitin‐dependent unfoldase/segregase and the Ataxin 3 (ATX3) deubiquitinase, which together form a physical and functional complex with RNF8 to regulate its proteasome‐dependent homeostasis under physiological conditions. Under genotoxic stress, when RNF8 is rapidly recruited to sites of DNA lesions, the p97–ATX3 machinery stimulates the extraction of RNF8 from chromatin to balance DNA repair pathway choice and promote cell survival after ionising radiation (IR). Inactivation of the p97–ATX3 complex affects the non‐homologous end joining DNA repair pathway and hypersensitises human cancer cells to IR. We propose that the p97–ATX3 complex is the essential machinery for regulation of RNF8 homeostasis under both physiological and genotoxic conditions and that targeting ATX3 may be a promising strategy to radio‐sensitise BRCA‐deficient cancers.
The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF8 (RING finger protein 8) is a pivotal enzyme for DNA repair. However, RNF8 hyper‐accumulation is tumour‐promoting and positively correlates with genome instability, cancer cell invasion, metastasis and poor patient prognosis. Very little is known about the mechanisms regulating RNF8 homeostasis to preserve genome stability. Here, we identify the cellular machinery, composed of the p97/VCP ubiquitin‐dependent unfoldase/segregase and the Ataxin 3 (ATX3) deubiquitinase, which together form a physical and functional complex with RNF8 to regulate its proteasome‐dependent homeostasis under physiological conditions. Under genotoxic stress, when RNF8 is rapidly recruited to sites of DNA lesions, the p97–ATX3 machinery stimulates the extraction of RNF8 from chromatin to balance DNA repair pathway choice and promote cell survival after ionising radiation (IR). Inactivation of the p97–ATX3 complex affects the non‐homologous end joining DNA repair pathway and hypersensitises human cancer cells to IR. We propose that the p97–ATX3 complex is the essential machinery for regulation of RNF8 homeostasis under both physiological and genotoxic conditions and that targeting ATX3 may be a promising strategy to radio‐sensitise BRCA‐deficient cancers. Synopsis The RNF8 ubiquitin ligase is a key mediator of the ubiquitin‐mediated DNA damage response and regulator of double strand break repair pathway choice. Here, these roles are shown to depend on homeostatic regulation of RNF8 by the ubiquitin‐dependent segregase p97/VCP and the deubiquitinase Ataxin 3 (ATX3). A p97‐ATX3 complex maintains proteasome‐dependent RNF8 homeostasis under physiological condition. The p97‐ATX3 complex extracts RNF8 from chromatin after its recruitment to DNA damage sites. p97‐ATX3‐mediated RNF8 extraction promotes timely RNF168 recruitment and utilization of non‐homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair. Inactivation of the p97‐ATX3 complex hyper‐sensitizes BRCA2/homologous recombination‐deficient cells to ionizing radiation. Graphical Abstract Chromatin extraction of RNF8 by the ubiquitin‐dependent segregase p97/VCP and the deubiquitinase ATX3 emerges as a key mechanism for balancing DNA repair pathway choice.
The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF8 (RING finger protein 8) is a pivotal enzyme for DNA repair. However, RNF8 hyper-accumulation is tumour-promoting and positively correlates with genome instability, cancer cell invasion, metastasis and poor patient prognosis. Very little is known about the mechanisms regulating RNF8 homeostasis to preserve genome stability. Here, we identify the cellular machinery, composed of the p97/VCP ubiquitin-dependent unfoldase/segregase and the Ataxin 3 (ATX3) deubiquitinase, which together form a physical and functional complex with RNF8 to regulate its proteasome-dependent homeostasis under physiological conditions. Under genotoxic stress, when RNF8 is rapidly recruited to sites of DNA lesions, the p97-ATX3 machinery stimulates the extraction of RNF8 from chromatin to balance DNA repair pathway choice and promote cell survival after ionising radiation (IR). Inactivation of the p97-ATX3 complex affects the non-homologous end joining DNA repair pathway and hypersensitises human cancer cells to IR. We propose that the p97-ATX3 complex is the essential machinery for regulation of RNF8 homeostasis under both physiological and genotoxic conditions and that targeting ATX3 may be a promising strategy to radio-sensitise BRCA-deficient cancers.The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF8 (RING finger protein 8) is a pivotal enzyme for DNA repair. However, RNF8 hyper-accumulation is tumour-promoting and positively correlates with genome instability, cancer cell invasion, metastasis and poor patient prognosis. Very little is known about the mechanisms regulating RNF8 homeostasis to preserve genome stability. Here, we identify the cellular machinery, composed of the p97/VCP ubiquitin-dependent unfoldase/segregase and the Ataxin 3 (ATX3) deubiquitinase, which together form a physical and functional complex with RNF8 to regulate its proteasome-dependent homeostasis under physiological conditions. Under genotoxic stress, when RNF8 is rapidly recruited to sites of DNA lesions, the p97-ATX3 machinery stimulates the extraction of RNF8 from chromatin to balance DNA repair pathway choice and promote cell survival after ionising radiation (IR). Inactivation of the p97-ATX3 complex affects the non-homologous end joining DNA repair pathway and hypersensitises human cancer cells to IR. We propose that the p97-ATX3 complex is the essential machinery for regulation of RNF8 homeostasis under both physiological and genotoxic conditions and that targeting ATX3 may be a promising strategy to radio-sensitise BRCA-deficient cancers.
The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF8 (RING finger protein 8) is a pivotal enzyme for DNA repair. However, RNF8 hyper‐accumulation is tumour‐promoting and positively correlates with genome instability, cancer cell invasion, metastasis and poor patient prognosis. Very little is known about the mechanisms regulating RNF8 homeostasis to preserve genome stability. Here, we identify the cellular machinery, composed of the p97/VCP ubiquitin‐dependent unfoldase/segregase and the Ataxin 3 (ATX3) deubiquitinase, which together form a physical and functional complex with RNF8 to regulate its proteasome‐dependent homeostasis under physiological conditions. Under genotoxic stress, when RNF8 is rapidly recruited to sites of DNA lesions, the p97–ATX3 machinery stimulates the extraction of RNF8 from chromatin to balance DNA repair pathway choice and promote cell survival after ionising radiation (IR). Inactivation of the p97–ATX3 complex affects the non‐homologous end joining DNA repair pathway and hypersensitises human cancer cells to IR. We propose that the p97–ATX3 complex is the essential machinery for regulation of RNF8 homeostasis under both physiological and genotoxic conditions and that targeting ATX3 may be a promising strategy to radio‐sensitise BRCA‐deficient cancers. Synopsis The RNF8 ubiquitin ligase is a key mediator of the ubiquitin‐mediated DNA damage response and regulator of double strand break repair pathway choice. Here, these roles are shown to depend on homeostatic regulation of RNF8 by the ubiquitin‐dependent segregase p97/VCP and the deubiquitinase Ataxin 3 (ATX3). A p97‐ATX3 complex maintains proteasome‐dependent RNF8 homeostasis under physiological condition. The p97‐ATX3 complex extracts RNF8 from chromatin after its recruitment to DNA damage sites. p97‐ATX3‐mediated RNF8 extraction promotes timely RNF168 recruitment and utilization of non‐homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair. Inactivation of the p97‐ATX3 complex hyper‐sensitizes BRCA2/homologous recombination‐deficient cells to ionizing radiation. Chromatin extraction of RNF8 by the ubiquitin‐dependent segregase p97/VCP and the deubiquitinase ATX3 emerges as a key mechanism for balancing DNA repair pathway choice.
Author Singh, Abhay Narayan
Oehler, Judith
Fielden, John
Parsons, Jason
Hernandez‐Carralero, Esperanza
Tullis, Iain DC
Kilgas, Susan
Vaz, Bruno
Cabrera, Elisa
Ramadan, Kristijan
Kiltie, Anne E
Guérillon, Claire
Barber, Paul R
Meerang, Mayura
Mailand, Niels
Freire, Raimundo
Torrecilla, Ignacio
Li, Shudong
Vojnovic, Borivoj
AuthorAffiliation 6 Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias Santa Maria de Guia Spain
8 Present address: Department of Biochemistry University of Oxford Oxford UK
5 Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology‐Vetsuisse Faculty University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
3 Unidad de Investigación Hospital Universitario de Canarias La Laguna Spain
2 Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
1 Department of Oncology Cancer Research UK/Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology University of Oxford Oxford UK
4 Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas Universidad de La Laguna La Laguna Spain
7 Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine Cancer Research Centre University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
9 Present address: Department of Thoracic Surgery University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
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Issue 21
Keywords genome stability
DNA double‐strand break repair
Ataxin 3
p97/VCP ATPase
E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF8
DNA double-strand break repair
Language English
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2019 The Authors. Published under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license.
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These authors contributed equally to this work
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John Wiley and Sons Inc
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Snippet The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF8 (RING finger protein 8) is a pivotal enzyme for DNA repair. However, RNF8 hyper‐accumulation is tumour‐promoting and positively...
The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF8 (RING finger protein 8) is a pivotal enzyme for DNA repair. However, RNF8 hyper-accumulation is tumour-promoting and positively...
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StartPage e102361
SubjectTerms Adenosine Triphosphatases - genetics
Adenosine Triphosphatases - metabolism
Ataxin
Ataxin 3
Ataxin-3 - genetics
Ataxin-3 - metabolism
BRCA2 protein
Breast cancer
Cancer
Cell Survival
Chromatin
Chromatin - genetics
Damage
Deactivation
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded
DNA damage
DNA double‐strand break repair
DNA Repair
DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics
DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF8
EMBO13
EMBO31
genome stability
Genomes
Genomic Instability
Genotoxicity
HEK293 Cells
HeLa Cells
Homeostasis
Homologous recombination
Homology
Humans
Inactivation
Ionizing radiation
Medical prognosis
Metastases
Non-homologous end joining
Nuclear Proteins - genetics
Nuclear Proteins - metabolism
p97/VCP ATPase
Physiology
Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex - metabolism
Proteasomes
Proteolysis
Recruitment
Repair
Signal Transduction
Tumors
Ubiquitin
Ubiquitin - metabolism
Ubiquitin-protein ligase
Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases - genetics
Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases - metabolism
Ubiquitination
Title The p97–Ataxin 3 complex regulates homeostasis of the DNA damage response E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF8
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.15252/embj.2019102361
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.15252%2Fembj.2019102361
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31613024
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2311474055
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2305799693
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6826192
Volume 38
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