Peripheral nerve injuries in the pediatric population: a review of the literature. Part I: traumatic nerve injuries

Objective This article reviews the clinical results that can be obtained after repair of a traumatic peripheral nerve injury in the pediatric population. Methods A systematic review of the published literature has been made. Results Functional outcome after major nerve injuries is sometimes disappoi...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Child's nervous system Jg. 35; H. 1; S. 29 - 35
Hauptverfasser:	Costales, Javier Robla, Socolovsky, Mariano, Sánchez Lázaro, Jaime A., Álvarez García, Rubén
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.01.2019
Schlagworte:	Adolescent Child Child, Preschool Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Medicine Medicine & Public Health Neurosciences Neurosurgery Neurosurgical Procedures Pediatrics - methods Peripheral Nerve Injuries - pathology Peripheral Nerve Injuries - surgery Peripheral Nerve Injuries - therapy Review Paper Trauma, Nervous System - pathology Trauma, Nervous System - surgery Trauma, Nervous System - therapy Treatment Outcome Traumatic nerve lesion Peripheral nerve injury Pediatric patients Nerve section
ISSN:	0256-7040, 1433-0350, 1433-0350
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Abstract	Objective This article reviews the clinical results that can be obtained after repair of a traumatic peripheral nerve injury in the pediatric population. Methods A systematic review of the published literature has been made. Results Functional outcome after major nerve injuries is sometimes disappointing in adults. However, children have been reported to experience much better functional results after nerve repair than adults. Moreover, recovery generally is faster in children. The superior capacity of children’s central nervous system to adapt to external or internal environmental changes (neural plasticity) and the shorter recovery distance from the axon repair site to the target muscle are claimed to be crucial determinants of their favorable outcomes. Moreover, even in the pediatric population, it has been demonstrated that functional results are better the younger the patient is, including better clinical results in those injured in early childhood (< 6 years old) than in those injured in adolescence. Other favorable prognostic factors include the type of nerve injury (with complete transections doing less well than crush injuries) and the timing of surgery (with better outcomes after early repairs). Conclusions All efforts should be done to repair in a timely and adequate fashion traumatic peripheral nerve injuries in children, as the results are good.
AbstractList	Objective This article reviews the clinical results that can be obtained after repair of a traumatic peripheral nerve injury in the pediatric population. Methods A systematic review of the published literature has been made. Results Functional outcome after major nerve injuries is sometimes disappointing in adults. However, children have been reported to experience much better functional results after nerve repair than adults. Moreover, recovery generally is faster in children. The superior capacity of children’s central nervous system to adapt to external or internal environmental changes (neural plasticity) and the shorter recovery distance from the axon repair site to the target muscle are claimed to be crucial determinants of their favorable outcomes. Moreover, even in the pediatric population, it has been demonstrated that functional results are better the younger the patient is, including better clinical results in those injured in early childhood (< 6 years old) than in those injured in adolescence. Other favorable prognostic factors include the type of nerve injury (with complete transections doing less well than crush injuries) and the timing of surgery (with better outcomes after early repairs). Conclusions All efforts should be done to repair in a timely and adequate fashion traumatic peripheral nerve injuries in children, as the results are good. This article reviews the clinical results that can be obtained after repair of a traumatic peripheral nerve injury in the pediatric population.OBJECTIVEThis article reviews the clinical results that can be obtained after repair of a traumatic peripheral nerve injury in the pediatric population.A systematic review of the published literature has been made.METHODSA systematic review of the published literature has been made.Functional outcome after major nerve injuries is sometimes disappointing in adults. However, children have been reported to experience much better functional results after nerve repair than adults. Moreover, recovery generally is faster in children. The superior capacity of children's central nervous system to adapt to external or internal environmental changes (neural plasticity) and the shorter recovery distance from the axon repair site to the target muscle are claimed to be crucial determinants of their favorable outcomes. Moreover, even in the pediatric population, it has been demonstrated that functional results are better the younger the patient is, including better clinical results in those injured in early childhood (< 6 years old) than in those injured in adolescence. Other favorable prognostic factors include the type of nerve injury (with complete transections doing less well than crush injuries) and the timing of surgery (with better outcomes after early repairs).RESULTSFunctional outcome after major nerve injuries is sometimes disappointing in adults. However, children have been reported to experience much better functional results after nerve repair than adults. Moreover, recovery generally is faster in children. The superior capacity of children's central nervous system to adapt to external or internal environmental changes (neural plasticity) and the shorter recovery distance from the axon repair site to the target muscle are claimed to be crucial determinants of their favorable outcomes. Moreover, even in the pediatric population, it has been demonstrated that functional results are better the younger the patient is, including better clinical results in those injured in early childhood (< 6 years old) than in those injured in adolescence. Other favorable prognostic factors include the type of nerve injury (with complete transections doing less well than crush injuries) and the timing of surgery (with better outcomes after early repairs).All efforts should be done to repair in a timely and adequate fashion traumatic peripheral nerve injuries in children, as the results are good.CONCLUSIONSAll efforts should be done to repair in a timely and adequate fashion traumatic peripheral nerve injuries in children, as the results are good. This article reviews the clinical results that can be obtained after repair of a traumatic peripheral nerve injury in the pediatric population. A systematic review of the published literature has been made. Functional outcome after major nerve injuries is sometimes disappointing in adults. However, children have been reported to experience much better functional results after nerve repair than adults. Moreover, recovery generally is faster in children. The superior capacity of children's central nervous system to adapt to external or internal environmental changes (neural plasticity) and the shorter recovery distance from the axon repair site to the target muscle are claimed to be crucial determinants of their favorable outcomes. Moreover, even in the pediatric population, it has been demonstrated that functional results are better the younger the patient is, including better clinical results in those injured in early childhood (< 6 years old) than in those injured in adolescence. Other favorable prognostic factors include the type of nerve injury (with complete transections doing less well than crush injuries) and the timing of surgery (with better outcomes after early repairs). All efforts should be done to repair in a timely and adequate fashion traumatic peripheral nerve injuries in children, as the results are good.
Author	Costales, Javier Robla Sánchez Lázaro, Jaime A. Álvarez García, Rubén Socolovsky, Mariano
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Javier Robla surname: Costales fullname: Costales, Javier Robla organization: Universidad de León – sequence: 2 givenname: Mariano orcidid: 0000-0002-0667-3463 surname: Socolovsky fullname: Socolovsky, Mariano email: marianosocolovsky@gmail.com organization: Peripheral Nerve & Brachial Plexus Surgery Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Buenos Aires School of Medicine – sequence: 3 givenname: Jaime A. surname: Sánchez Lázaro fullname: Sánchez Lázaro, Jaime A. organization: Universidad de León – sequence: 4 givenname: Rubén surname: Álvarez García fullname: Álvarez García, Rubén organization: Department of Plastic Surgery, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León
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Snippet	Objective This article reviews the clinical results that can be obtained after repair of a traumatic peripheral nerve injury in the pediatric population.... This article reviews the clinical results that can be obtained after repair of a traumatic peripheral nerve injury in the pediatric population. A systematic... This article reviews the clinical results that can be obtained after repair of a traumatic peripheral nerve injury in the pediatric population.OBJECTIVEThis...
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SubjectTerms	Adolescent Child Child, Preschool Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Medicine Medicine & Public Health Neurosciences Neurosurgery Neurosurgical Procedures Pediatrics - methods Peripheral Nerve Injuries - pathology Peripheral Nerve Injuries - surgery Peripheral Nerve Injuries - therapy Review Paper Trauma, Nervous System - pathology Trauma, Nervous System - surgery Trauma, Nervous System - therapy Treatment Outcome
Title	Peripheral nerve injuries in the pediatric population: a review of the literature. Part I: traumatic nerve injuries
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