Laser-activated transforming growth factor-[beta]1 induces human [beta]-defensin 2: implications for laser therapies for periodontitis and peri-implantitis

Background There is increasing popularity of high-power lasers for surgical debridement and antimicrobial therapy in the management of peri-implantitis and periodontal therapy. Removal of the noxious foci would naturally promote tissue healing directly. However, there are also anecdotal reports of b...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of periodontal research Jg. 52; H. 3; S. 360 - 367
Hauptverfasser: Tang, E, Khan, I, Andreana, S, Arany, P R
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Hoboken Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.06.2017
Schlagworte:
Defensins
Fibroblasts
Gene expression
Growth factors
Gum disease
I.R. radiation
Keratinocytes
Lasers
mRNA
Periodontitis
Polymerase chain reaction
Signal transduction
Smad protein
Western blotting
Wound healing
ISSN:0022-3484, 1600-0765
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Zusammenfassung:Background There is increasing popularity of high-power lasers for surgical debridement and antimicrobial therapy in the management of peri-implantitis and periodontal therapy. Removal of the noxious foci would naturally promote tissue healing directly. However, there are also anecdotal reports of better healing around routine high-power laser procedures. The precise mechanisms mediating these effects remain to be fully elucidated. This work examines these low-dose laser bystander effects on oral human epithelial and fibroblasts, particularly focusing on the role of human [beta]-defensin 2 (HBD-2 or DEFB4A), a potent factor capable of antimicrobial effects and promoting wound healing. Material and Methods Laser treatments were performed using a near-infrared laser (810 nm diode) at low doses. Normal human oral keratinocytes and fibroblast cells were used and HBD-2 mRNA and protein expression was assessed with real time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and immunostaining. Role of transforming growth factor (TGF)-[beta]1 signaling in this process was dissected using pathway-specific small molecule inhibitors. Results We observed laser treatments robustly induced HBD-2 expression in an oral fibroblast cell line compared to a keratinocyte cell line. Low-dose laser treatments results in activation of the TGF-[beta]1 pathway that mediated HBD-2 expression. The two arms of TGF-[beta]1 signaling, Smad and non-Smad are involved in laser-mediated HBD-2 expression. Conclusions Laser-activated TGF-[beta]1 signaling and induced expression of HBD-2, both of which are individually capable of promoting healing in tissues adjacent to high-power surgical laser applications. Moreover, the use of low-dose laser therapy itself can provide additional therapeutic benefits for effective clinical management of periodontal or peri-implant disease.
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ISSN:0022-3484
1600-0765
DOI:10.1111/jre.12399