Recognition of cytosolic DNA by cGAS and other STING‐dependent sensors

The presence of DNA in the cytoplasm of mammalian cells is perceived as a danger signal, alerting the host to the presence of microbial infection. In response to the detection of cytoplasmic DNA, the immune system mounts a programed response that involves the transcription of anti‐viral genes such a...

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Veröffentlicht in:European journal of immunology Jg. 44; H. 3; S. 634 - 640
Hauptverfasser: Bhat, Numana, Fitzgerald, Katherine A.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Germany Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.03.2014
Schlagworte:
Animals
Cytosol - immunology
Cytosol - metabolism
DEAD-box RNA Helicases - metabolism
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA - immunology
DNA - metabolism
Humans
Immune regulation
Medical research
Membrane Proteins - metabolism
Mice
Molecular biology
Molecular immunology
Nuclear Proteins - metabolism
Nucleotidyltransferases - metabolism
Protein Binding
Protein Transport
Rodents
Sensors
Molecular immunology
Molecular biology
Immune regulation
ISSN:0014-2980, 1521-4141, 1521-4141
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Zusammenfassung:The presence of DNA in the cytoplasm of mammalian cells is perceived as a danger signal, alerting the host to the presence of microbial infection. In response to the detection of cytoplasmic DNA, the immune system mounts a programed response that involves the transcription of anti‐viral genes such as type I interferons and production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL‐1β. The recent discovery of the cGAS‐cGAMP second messenger pathway as well as IFI16 and additional sensors collectively provide critical insights into the molecular basis behind the sensing of cytoplasmic DNA. The insights obtained from these important discoveries could unveil new avenues to understand host‐immunity, improve vaccine adjuvancy, and allow development of new treatments for inflammatory diseases associated with abberrant sensing of DNA.
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ISSN:0014-2980
1521-4141
1521-4141
DOI:10.1002/eji.201344127