Spare the Rod, Spoil the Colony: Corporal Punishment, Colonial Violence, and Generational Authority in Kenya, 1897—1952

Colonial governments relied on corporal punishment to broadcast their authority, often through military barracks, schools, courts, and penal institutions.3 Colonial courts were especially devoted to physical violence as a method of discipline and alternative to imprisonment, fines, or other forms of...

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Veröffentlicht in:	The International journal of African historical studies Jg. 45; H. 1; S. 29 - 56
1. Verfasser:	Ocobock, Paul
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	New York Boston University African Studies Center 01.01.2012 Boston University
Schlagworte:	20th century Adults African history Authority Boys Bread Children Colonial government Colonial history Colonialism Colonies & territories Corporal punishment Courts Criminal punishment Criminal sentencing Criminality Criminals Discipline Domestic violence Europe Fathers Fines and penalties Forced labor Forced labour Imprisonment Juvenile delinquency Juvenile offenders Kenya Magistrates Males Men Minors Offenders Older people Police Prisons Punishment Racial violence Rattan work Reinforcement Resistance Sexuality South Africa Teaching Violence Young adults Youth Kenya South Africa
ISSN:	0361-7882, 2326-3016
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
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Zusammenfassung:	Colonial governments relied on corporal punishment to broadcast their authority, often through military barracks, schools, courts, and penal institutions.3 Colonial courts were especially devoted to physical violence as a method of discipline and alternative to imprisonment, fines, or other forms of punishment.4 Courts in most British African colonies, from native courts in Northern Nigeria and Uganda to magistrate courts in Gold Coast and Kenya, sentenced offenders to corporal punishment to varying degrees.5 In colonies with white settlement, such as Kenya and South Africa, a cult of the cat o' nine tails formed to humiliate disobethent African chiefs, suppress resistance, and emasculate male sexuality to salve fears of black peril.6 Corporal punishment was a key instrument in establishing racial hierarchies. [...]the use of the kiboko in Kenya and sjambok in South Africa were common methods to coerce and discipline male African labor.7 Whether a method to punish criminal behavior, display racial superiority, or inculcate labor discipline, corporal punishment became an "essential pedagogical tool" of the colonial encounter, teaching through physical violence.8 Corporal punishment was not simply an instrument of the British colonial state; it was also a weapon of African parents and elders, used to define age and generational station.9 It separated men from boys, adults from children; it situated them on opposing sides of the kiboko and established the authority of one over the other. [...]corporal punishment of the young was not a distinctly "colonial" or "African" form of punishment, it was also used in Britain and much of the world in the early twentieth century.14 In Kenya, it connected an ever-expanding network of African and non- African adult actors and institutions wielding physical violence, in competing yet complementary ways, all in an effort to exert authority over young African males.
Bibliographie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	0361-7882 2326-3016