Ecosystem services and agriculture: tradeoffs and synergies
Agricultural ecosystems provide humans with food, forage, bioenergy and pharmaceuticals and are essential to human wellbeing. These systems rely on ecosystem services provided by natural ecosystems, including pollination, biological pest control, maintenance of soil structure and fertility, nutrient...
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| Vydané v: | Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological sciences Ročník 365; číslo 1554; s. 2959 |
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| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
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England
27.09.2010
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| ISSN: | 1471-2970, 1471-2970 |
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| Abstract | Agricultural ecosystems provide humans with food, forage, bioenergy and pharmaceuticals and are essential to human wellbeing. These systems rely on ecosystem services provided by natural ecosystems, including pollination, biological pest control, maintenance of soil structure and fertility, nutrient cycling and hydrological services. Preliminary assessments indicate that the value of these ecosystem services to agriculture is enormous and often underappreciated. Agroecosystems also produce a variety of ecosystem services, such as regulation of soil and water quality, carbon sequestration, support for biodiversity and cultural services. Depending on management practices, agriculture can also be the source of numerous disservices, including loss of wildlife habitat, nutrient runoff, sedimentation of waterways, greenhouse gas emissions, and pesticide poisoning of humans and non-target species. The tradeoffs that may occur between provisioning services and other ecosystem services and disservices should be evaluated in terms of spatial scale, temporal scale and reversibility. As more effective methods for valuing ecosystem services become available, the potential for 'win-win' scenarios increases. Under all scenarios, appropriate agricultural management practices are critical to realizing the benefits of ecosystem services and reducing disservices from agricultural activities. |
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| AbstractList | Agricultural ecosystems provide humans with food, forage, bioenergy and pharmaceuticals and are essential to human wellbeing. These systems rely on ecosystem services provided by natural ecosystems, including pollination, biological pest control, maintenance of soil structure and fertility, nutrient cycling and hydrological services. Preliminary assessments indicate that the value of these ecosystem services to agriculture is enormous and often underappreciated. Agroecosystems also produce a variety of ecosystem services, such as regulation of soil and water quality, carbon sequestration, support for biodiversity and cultural services. Depending on management practices, agriculture can also be the source of numerous disservices, including loss of wildlife habitat, nutrient runoff, sedimentation of waterways, greenhouse gas emissions, and pesticide poisoning of humans and non-target species. The tradeoffs that may occur between provisioning services and other ecosystem services and disservices should be evaluated in terms of spatial scale, temporal scale and reversibility. As more effective methods for valuing ecosystem services become available, the potential for 'win-win' scenarios increases. Under all scenarios, appropriate agricultural management practices are critical to realizing the benefits of ecosystem services and reducing disservices from agricultural activities.Agricultural ecosystems provide humans with food, forage, bioenergy and pharmaceuticals and are essential to human wellbeing. These systems rely on ecosystem services provided by natural ecosystems, including pollination, biological pest control, maintenance of soil structure and fertility, nutrient cycling and hydrological services. Preliminary assessments indicate that the value of these ecosystem services to agriculture is enormous and often underappreciated. Agroecosystems also produce a variety of ecosystem services, such as regulation of soil and water quality, carbon sequestration, support for biodiversity and cultural services. Depending on management practices, agriculture can also be the source of numerous disservices, including loss of wildlife habitat, nutrient runoff, sedimentation of waterways, greenhouse gas emissions, and pesticide poisoning of humans and non-target species. The tradeoffs that may occur between provisioning services and other ecosystem services and disservices should be evaluated in terms of spatial scale, temporal scale and reversibility. As more effective methods for valuing ecosystem services become available, the potential for 'win-win' scenarios increases. Under all scenarios, appropriate agricultural management practices are critical to realizing the benefits of ecosystem services and reducing disservices from agricultural activities. Agricultural ecosystems provide humans with food, forage, bioenergy and pharmaceuticals and are essential to human wellbeing. These systems rely on ecosystem services provided by natural ecosystems, including pollination, biological pest control, maintenance of soil structure and fertility, nutrient cycling and hydrological services. Preliminary assessments indicate that the value of these ecosystem services to agriculture is enormous and often underappreciated. Agroecosystems also produce a variety of ecosystem services, such as regulation of soil and water quality, carbon sequestration, support for biodiversity and cultural services. Depending on management practices, agriculture can also be the source of numerous disservices, including loss of wildlife habitat, nutrient runoff, sedimentation of waterways, greenhouse gas emissions, and pesticide poisoning of humans and non-target species. The tradeoffs that may occur between provisioning services and other ecosystem services and disservices should be evaluated in terms of spatial scale, temporal scale and reversibility. As more effective methods for valuing ecosystem services become available, the potential for 'win-win' scenarios increases. Under all scenarios, appropriate agricultural management practices are critical to realizing the benefits of ecosystem services and reducing disservices from agricultural activities. |
| Author | Power, Alison G |
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| References_xml | – reference: 19432652 - Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 Apr;1162:265-83 – reference: 16572763 - Environ Sci Technol. 2006 Feb 15;40(4):1114-9 – reference: 16373572 - Science. 2005 Dec 23;310(5756):1944-7 – reference: 18258862 - Science. 2008 Feb 29;319(5867):1235-8 – reference: 17360392 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Mar 20;104(12):4973-8 – reference: 16958888 - Ecol Lett. 2006 Mar;9(3):243-54; discussion 254-7 – reference: 19474040 - Proc Biol Sci. 2009 Aug 22;276(1669):2903-11 – reference: 17827109 - Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2008 Feb 27;363(1492):789-813 – reference: 20662149 - Science. 1997 Jul 25;277(5325):504-9 – reference: 18566094 - Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008;1134:173-200 – reference: 18258860 - Science. 2008 Feb 29;319(5867):1238-40 – reference: 19323179 - Ecol Appl. 2009 Jan;19(1):143-54 – reference: 19075234 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Dec 23;105(51):20552-7 – reference: 17164193 - Proc Biol Sci. 2007 Feb 7;274(1608):303-13 – reference: 17355569 - Ecol Lett. 2007 Apr;10(4):299-314 – reference: 19339297 - Ann Bot. 2009 Jun;103(9):1579-88 – reference: 19848141 - Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Oct 1;43(19):7324-30 – reference: 16790403 - Proc Biol Sci. 2006 Jul 22;273(1595):1715-27 – reference: 19541981 - Science. 2009 Jun 19;324(5934):1519-20 – reference: 19717221 - J Environ Manage. 2009 Oct;91(1):22-46 |
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| SubjectTerms | Agriculture - methods Biodiversity Conservation of Natural Resources - methods Ecosystem Humans |
| Title | Ecosystem services and agriculture: tradeoffs and synergies |
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