Patch-Based Convolutional Neural Network for Whole Slide Tissue Image Classification

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are state-of-theart models for many image classification tasks. However, to recognize cancer subtypes automatically, training a CNN on gigapixel resolution Whole Slide Tissue Images (WSI) is currently computationally impossible. The differentiation of cancer subty...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Vol. 2016; pp. 2424 - 2433
Main Authors: Le Hou, Samaras, Dimitris, Kurc, Tahsin M., Yi Gao, Davis, James E., Saltz, Joel H.
Format: Conference Proceeding Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States IEEE 01.06.2016
Subjects:
Cancer
Image resolution
Neural networks
Predictive models
Robustness
Training
Visualization
ISSN:1063-6919, 1063-6919
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are state-of-theart models for many image classification tasks. However, to recognize cancer subtypes automatically, training a CNN on gigapixel resolution Whole Slide Tissue Images (WSI) is currently computationally impossible. The differentiation of cancer subtypes is based on cellular-level visual features observed on image patch scale. Therefore, we argue that in this situation, training a patch-level classifier on image patches will perform better than or similar to an image-level classifier. The challenge becomes how to intelligently combine patch-level classification results and model the fact that not all patches will be discriminative. We propose to train a decision fusion model to aggregate patch-level predictions given by patch-level CNNs, which to the best of our knowledge has not been shown before. Furthermore, we formulate a novel Expectation-Maximization (EM) based method that automatically locates discriminative patches robustly by utilizing the spatial relationships of patches. We apply our method to the classification of glioma and non-small-cell lung carcinoma cases into subtypes. The classification accuracy of our method is similar to the inter-observer agreement between pathologists. Although it is impossible to train CNNs on WSIs, we experimentally demonstrate using a comparable non-cancer dataset of smaller images that a patch-based CNN can outperform an image-based CNN.
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ISSN:1063-6919
1063-6919
DOI:10.1109/CVPR.2016.266