Metabolism and biomarkers of Vitamin D

Abstract The last decade has witnessed a renaissance in the interest in the metabolism and biological actions of vitamin D3. Part of this new found interest stems from the discovery that its active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], through its nuclear vitamin D receptor [VDR], regulates...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scandinavian journal of clinical & laboratory investigation. Supplement Vol. 72; no. S243; pp. 7 - 13
Main Author: Jones, Glenville
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Colchester Informa Healthcare 01.04.2012
Taylor & Francis
Informa
Subjects:
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
25-hydroxyvitamin D
Biological and medical sciences
Biomarkers - blood
Calcitriol - pharmacology
Calcium homeostasis
CYP24A1
CYP27B1
CYP2R1
DBP
Humans
Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)
Medical sciences
phosphate homeostasis
VDR
Vitamin D
Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives
Vitamin D - blood
Vitamin D - metabolism
Vitamin D Deficiency - etiology
Phosphates
phosphate homeostasis
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
Calcium
25-hydroxyvitamin D
Steroid hormone
VDR
Calcitriol
Homeostasis
Biological marker
Metabolism
Inorganic element
CYP27B1
CYP24A1
DBP
Vitamin D
Clinical biology
Cholecalciferol(25-hydroxy)
CYP2R1
Calcium homeostasis
ISSN:0036-5513, 2166-1030, 1502-7686, 2166-1030
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Abstract The last decade has witnessed a renaissance in the interest in the metabolism and biological actions of vitamin D3. Part of this new found interest stems from the discovery that its active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], through its nuclear vitamin D receptor [VDR], regulates hundreds of genes around the body including those coding for proteins involved in cell differentiation and cell proliferation as well as calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Furthermore, epidemiological association studies have suggested that levels of the main circulating form, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] correlate positively with various health outcomes connected to major diseases: cancer, immune function and infections and cardiovascular disease. Consequently, the biochemistry around the metabolism of vitamin D, its mechanism of its action in target cells and the clinical chemistry questions regarding its specific and sensitive assay remain relevant. This short article will review the current state of knowledge of the cytochrome P450-enzymes involved in activation and inactivation of vitamin D, as well as provide a synopsis of the biochemistry and physiology surrounding its roles in the body. The review will end by discussing the appropriate biomarkers to assess vitamin D metabolism and vitamin D status in various clinical disease settings.
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ISSN:0036-5513
2166-1030
1502-7686
2166-1030
DOI:10.3109/00365513.2012.681892