A survey on blockchain technology and its security

Blockchain is a technology that has desirable features of decentralization, autonomy, integrity, immutability, verification, fault-tolerance, anonymity, auditability, and transparency. In this paper, we first carry out a deeper survey about blockchain technology, especially its history, consensus al...

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Vydáno v:Blockchain. Research and applications Online Ročník 3; číslo 2; s. 100067
Hlavní autoři: Guo, Huaqun, Yu, Xingjie
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2022
Elsevier
Témata:
Blockchain
Blockchain security
Consensus algorithm
Risk
Smart contract
Risk
Smart contract
Blockchain security
Blockchain
Consensus algorithm
ISSN:2096-7209, 2666-9536
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Shrnutí:Blockchain is a technology that has desirable features of decentralization, autonomy, integrity, immutability, verification, fault-tolerance, anonymity, auditability, and transparency. In this paper, we first carry out a deeper survey about blockchain technology, especially its history, consensus algorithms' quantitative comparisons, details of cryptography in terms of public key cryptography, Zero-Knowledge Proofs, and hash functions used in the blockchain, and the comprehensive list of blockchain applications. Further, the security of blockchain itself is a focus in this paper. In particular, we assess the blockchain security from risk analysis to derive comprehensive blockchain security risk categories, analyze the real attacks and bugs against blockchain, and summarize the recently developed security measures on blockchain. Finally, the challenges and research trends are presented to achieve more scalable and securer blockchain systems for the massive deployments.
ISSN:2096-7209
2666-9536
DOI:10.1016/j.bcra.2022.100067