Vocal aspect of social laughter during virtual interaction
The current paper focuses on the various types of laughter recorded during real social interactions in a virtual immersive environment. With this experiment, we investi-gate whether human beings are able to discriminate social from spontaneous laughter on the basis of auditory or audiovisual laughs...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Working Papers em Linguística Jg. 19; H. 2; S. 54 - 77 |
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch Japanisch Portugiesisch |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)
27.03.2019
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística |
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| ISSN: | 1415-1464, 1984-8420 |
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| Abstract | The current paper focuses on the various types of laughter recorded during real social interactions in a virtual immersive environment. With this experiment, we investi-gate whether human beings are able to discriminate social from spontaneous laughter on the basis of auditory or audiovisual laughs presented outside any context. Towards this aim, we carried out two perceptual experiments proposing audio alone and audiovisual conditions, which were taken by French and Japanese native subjects. Each subject lis-tened to (or looked at) 162 laughs and chose one response among three possibilities: so-cial, spontaneous or unknown. The results of both experiments show that all participants are able to discriminate these two types of laughter with quite good confidence without contextual information: the correct identification rate for spontaneous laughter is about 70% with a similar amount for social laughter in audio alone and audiovisual conditions. We then extracted acoustic characteristics for each laugh in order to investigate potential differences between the two types of laughter. A multifactorial analysis showed that per-ceptual behaviors and some acoustic features (F0 and duration) are correlated. Especially, we observe a significant difference between social and spontaneous laughter through the features of total duration and voiced duration. Finally, we conducted a perceptual exper-iment on the subcategorization of social laughs based on three social factors: speaker’s physical state, speaker’s involvement and psychological distance. The results show that social laughter is characterized by similar contexts for both groups of listeners, except by Japanese subjects who regard the psychological distance between partners as distant.
O presente artigo enfoca os diversos tipos de riso registrados durante interações sociais reais realizadas em um ambiente de imersão virtual. Neste experimento, investigamos se os seres humanos são capazes de discriminar risos sociais de risos espontâneos e gargalhadas audiovisuais, sem terem acesso a nenhum contexto de produção do riso. Para tal, realizamos dois experimentos perceptuais considerando apenas o estímulo auditivo, por um lado, e o estímulo audiovisual, por outro. Os sujeitos dos testes de percepção são falantes nativos franceses e japoneses. Cada sujeito ouviu e ouviu e viu 162 risadas e escolheu uma resposta entre três possibilidades: social, espontânea ou irreconhecível. Os resultados de ambos os experimentos mostram que todos os participantes são capazes de discriminar esses dois tipos de riso com um grau de confiança bastante elevado, mesmo sem as informações contextuais: a taxa de identificação correta para o riso espontâneo é de cerca de 70%, com uma quantidade semelhante de riso social considerando tanto os estímulos visuais quanto os audiovisuais. A seguir, foram extraídas medidas acústicas para cada risada, a fim de investigar possíveis diferenças entre os dois tipos de riso. A análise multifatorial demonstra que os comportamentos perceptuais e algumas características acústicas (F0 e duração) estão correlacionados. Observarmos, particularmente, uma diferença significativa entre o riso social e o riso espontâneo através dos traços da duração total e da duração do vozeamento. Por último, realizamos mais um experimento perceptual sobre a subcategorização dos risos sociais com base em três fatores sociais: estado físico do falante, envolvimento do falante e distância psicológica. Os resultados mostram que o riso social é evocado de forma semelhante no que diz respeito ao estado físico do falante e envolvimento do falante. Entretanto, no que diz respeito à distância social, há divergência de percepção entre franceses e japoneses sendo que nestes últimos predomina a percepção da distância psicológica. |
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| AbstractList | The current paper focuses on the various types of laughter recorded during real social interactions in a virtual immersive environment. With this experiment, we investi-gate whether human beings are able to discriminate social from spontaneous laughter on the basis of auditory or audiovisual laughs presented outside any context. Towards this aim, we carried out two perceptual experiments proposing audio alone and audiovisual conditions, which were taken by French and Japanese native subjects. Each subject lis-tened to (or looked at) 162 laughs and chose one response among three possibilities: so-cial, spontaneous or unknown. The results of both experiments show that all participants are able to discriminate these two types of laughter with quite good confidence without contextual information: the correct identification rate for spontaneous laughter is about 70% with a similar amount for social laughter in audio alone and audiovisual conditions. We then extracted acoustic characteristics for each laugh in order to investigate potential differences between the two types of laughter. A multifactorial analysis showed that per-ceptual behaviors and some acoustic features (F0 and duration) are correlated. Especially, we observe a significant difference between social and spontaneous laughter through the features of total duration and voiced duration. Finally, we conducted a perceptual exper-iment on the subcategorization of social laughs based on three social factors: speaker’s physical state, speaker’s involvement and psychological distance. The results show that social laughter is characterized by similar contexts for both groups of listeners, except by Japanese subjects who regard the psychological distance between partners as distant.
O presente artigo enfoca os diversos tipos de riso registrados durante interações sociais reais realizadas em um ambiente de imersão virtual. Neste experimento, investigamos se os seres humanos são capazes de discriminar risos sociais de risos espontâneos e gargalhadas audiovisuais, sem terem acesso a nenhum contexto de produção do riso. Para tal, realizamos dois experimentos perceptuais considerando apenas o estímulo auditivo, por um lado, e o estímulo audiovisual, por outro. Os sujeitos dos testes de percepção são falantes nativos franceses e japoneses. Cada sujeito ouviu e ouviu e viu 162 risadas e escolheu uma resposta entre três possibilidades: social, espontânea ou irreconhecível. Os resultados de ambos os experimentos mostram que todos os participantes são capazes de discriminar esses dois tipos de riso com um grau de confiança bastante elevado, mesmo sem as informações contextuais: a taxa de identificação correta para o riso espontâneo é de cerca de 70%, com uma quantidade semelhante de riso social considerando tanto os estímulos visuais quanto os audiovisuais. A seguir, foram extraídas medidas acústicas para cada risada, a fim de investigar possíveis diferenças entre os dois tipos de riso. A análise multifatorial demonstra que os comportamentos perceptuais e algumas características acústicas (F0 e duração) estão correlacionados. Observarmos, particularmente, uma diferença significativa entre o riso social e o riso espontâneo através dos traços da duração total e da duração do vozeamento. Por último, realizamos mais um experimento perceptual sobre a subcategorização dos risos sociais com base em três fatores sociais: estado físico do falante, envolvimento do falante e distância psicológica. Os resultados mostram que o riso social é evocado de forma semelhante no que diz respeito ao estado físico do falante e envolvimento do falante. Entretanto, no que diz respeito à distância social, há divergência de percepção entre franceses e japoneses sendo que nestes últimos predomina a percepção da distância psicológica. The current paper focuses on the various types of laughter recorded during real social interactions in a virtual immersive environment. With this experiment, we investigate whether human beings are able to discriminate social from spontaneous laughter on the basis of auditory or audiovisual laughs presented outside any context. Towards this aim, we carried out two perceptual experiments proposing audio alone and audiovisual conditions, which were taken by French and Japanese native subjects. Each subject listened to (or looked at) 162 laughs and chose one response among three possibilities: social, spontaneous or unknown. The results of both experiments show that all participants are able to discriminate these two types of laughter with quite good confidence without contextual information: the correct identification rate for spontaneous laughter is about 70% with a similar amount for social laughter in audio alone and audiovisual conditions. We then extracted acoustic characteristics for each laugh in order to investigate potential differences between the two types of laughter. A multifactorial analysis showed that perceptual behaviors and some acoustic features (F0 and duration) are correlated. Especially, we observe a significant difference between social and spontaneous laughter through the features of total duration and voiced duration. Finally, we conducted a perceptual experiment on the subcategorization of social laughs based on three social factors: speaker’s physical state, speaker’s involvement and psychological distance. The results show that social laughter is characterized by similar contexts for both groups of listeners, except by Japanese subjects who regard the psychological distance between partners as distant. |
| Author | Suzuki, Hanako Rouas, Jean-Luc Guerry, Marine Ohmoto, Yoshimasa Nishida, Toyoaki Shochi, Takaaki Kanzaki, Mami |
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| Title | Vocal aspect of social laughter during virtual interaction |
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