The winning percentage in congkak using a randomised strategy

Congkak is a traditional counting game played in Southeast Asia including Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei and Indonesia. To start a game, a board that has 16 holes together with 98 marbles are required. Each player controls a set of seven holes and own a store. The winner of the game is the player who c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Wārasān Songkhlā Nakharin Vol. 44; no. 5; pp. 1164 - 1171
Main Authors: Chuei Yee Chen, Shahrina Ismail, Fong Peng Lim, Kai Siong Yow
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Prince of Songkla University 01.10.2022
Subjects:
congkak
counting game
first-move advantage
mancala
randomised algorithm
winning percentage
ISSN:0125-3395
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Congkak is a traditional counting game played in Southeast Asia including Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei and Indonesia. To start a game, a board that has 16 holes together with 98 marbles are required. Each player controls a set of seven holes and own a store. The winner of the game is the player who captured more marbles into the store at the end of the game. Note that the firstmove advantage exists in chess; we investigate if the first-move advantage holds in congkak also. We model the route for each player in congkak using a directed graph and adopt these graph representations in our programs, to compute the winning percentage of each player. We focus on games between novices, hence a randomised strategy is used in our algorithm. We present the first experimental results for 100,000 games between novices in congkak. We also suggest some questions for future research in this area.
ISSN:0125-3395
DOI:10.14456/sjst-psu.2022.151