Some issues of criminal law assessment of accepting a proposal, promise, or receiving unlawful benefit by an official (Article 368 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) with reference to the legal positions of the Supreme Court
This research paper examines problematic issues of qualifying the crime provided for in Article 368 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which describes the acceptance of a proposal, promise, or receipt of unlawful benefits by a public official, taking into account the legal positions developed by the p...
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| Vydáno v: | Аналітично-порівняльне правознавство Ročník 3; číslo 5; s. 37 - 44 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
05.11.2025
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| ISSN: | 2788-6018, 2788-6018 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
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| Abstract | This research paper examines problematic issues of qualifying the crime provided for in Article 368 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which describes the acceptance of a proposal, promise, or receipt of unlawful benefits by a public official, taking into account the legal positions developed by the practice of the Cassation Criminal Court of the Supreme Court. The authors emphasize that corruption offenses undermine the rule of law, violate the principle of equality of citizens, and form stable corruption networks. The article analyzes objective and subjective aspects of the crime, including various forms of unlawful benefits, the role of official powers, fictitious mechanisms for receiving remuneration, and criteria for the legal assessment of “gratitude.” The paper also addresses distinction between the concepts of “extortion” and “request for” unlawful benefits, and assesses the motives and objectives of corruption crimes. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the legal positions of the Cassation Criminal Court of the Supreme Court, which determine key approaches to the qualification of obtaining unlawful benefits. These include, in particular: 1) the conclusion that unlawful benefits include not only money, but also any tangible or intangible assets that have economic value; 2) the emphasis that the time of granting the benefit (before or after the official’s action), the existence of a prior agreement, or the actual performance of the agreed actions are irrelevant for qualification; 3) criteria for distinguishing acts under Article 368 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine from fraud (Article 190 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) in cases where an official or intermediary acts with the intent to appropriate funds; 4) criteria for distinguishing between “requesting” and “demanding” an unlawful benefit – the latter is possible only in the presence of coercion or a threat to the legitimate interests of the provider; 5) clarification regarding legal assessment of the crime in question committed by a group of persons by prior conspiracy, as well as in cases where official holds a responsible or particularly responsible position. It is emphasized that there are a large number of legal positions of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Supreme Court that directly or indirectly relate to the criminal-legal assessment of acts provided for in Article 368 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. According to the results of the author’s analysis of the content of Article 368 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine and the practice of the Supreme Court, it is noted that the qualification of this crime depends on the official powers and circumstances of obtaining an unlawful benefit. It is also emphasized that there is a need for a clear distinction between criminal and administrative liability, which ensures the consistent application of the provisions of anti-corruption legislation. |
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| AbstractList | This research paper examines problematic issues of qualifying the crime provided for in Article 368 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which describes the acceptance of a proposal, promise, or receipt of unlawful benefits by a public official, taking into account the legal positions developed by the practice of the Cassation Criminal Court of the Supreme Court. The authors emphasize that corruption offenses undermine the rule of law, violate the principle of equality of citizens, and form stable corruption networks. The article analyzes objective and subjective aspects of the crime, including various forms of unlawful benefits, the role of official powers, fictitious mechanisms for receiving remuneration, and criteria for the legal assessment of “gratitude.” The paper also addresses distinction between the concepts of “extortion” and “request for” unlawful benefits, and assesses the motives and objectives of corruption crimes. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the legal positions of the Cassation Criminal Court of the Supreme Court, which determine key approaches to the qualification of obtaining unlawful benefits. These include, in particular: 1) the conclusion that unlawful benefits include not only money, but also any tangible or intangible assets that have economic value; 2) the emphasis that the time of granting the benefit (before or after the official’s action), the existence of a prior agreement, or the actual performance of the agreed actions are irrelevant for qualification; 3) criteria for distinguishing acts under Article 368 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine from fraud (Article 190 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) in cases where an official or intermediary acts with the intent to appropriate funds; 4) criteria for distinguishing between “requesting” and “demanding” an unlawful benefit – the latter is possible only in the presence of coercion or a threat to the legitimate interests of the provider; 5) clarification regarding legal assessment of the crime in question committed by a group of persons by prior conspiracy, as well as in cases where official holds a responsible or particularly responsible position. It is emphasized that there are a large number of legal positions of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Supreme Court that directly or indirectly relate to the criminal-legal assessment of acts provided for in Article 368 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. According to the results of the author’s analysis of the content of Article 368 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine and the practice of the Supreme Court, it is noted that the qualification of this crime depends on the official powers and circumstances of obtaining an unlawful benefit. It is also emphasized that there is a need for a clear distinction between criminal and administrative liability, which ensures the consistent application of the provisions of anti-corruption legislation. |
| Author | Kamensky, D. V. Negoda, A. S. |
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| Title | Some issues of criminal law assessment of accepting a proposal, promise, or receiving unlawful benefit by an official (Article 368 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) with reference to the legal positions of the Supreme Court |
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