Long-term health status and trajectories of seriously injured patients: A population-based longitudinal study

Improved understanding of the quality of survival of patients is crucial in evaluating trauma care, understanding recovery patterns and timeframes, and informing healthcare, social, and disability service provision. We aimed to describe the longer-term health status of seriously injured patients, id...

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Veröffentlicht in:PLoS medicine Jg. 14; H. 7; S. e1002322
Hauptverfasser: Gabbe, Belinda J., Simpson, Pam M., Cameron, Peter A., Ponsford, Jennie, Lyons, Ronan A., Collie, Alex, Fitzgerald, Mark, Judson, Rodney, Teague, Warwick J., Braaf, Sandra, Nunn, Andrew, Ameratunga, Shanthi, Harrison, James E.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: United States Public Library of Science 05.07.2017
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ISSN:1549-1676, 1549-1277, 1549-1676
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Abstract Improved understanding of the quality of survival of patients is crucial in evaluating trauma care, understanding recovery patterns and timeframes, and informing healthcare, social, and disability service provision. We aimed to describe the longer-term health status of seriously injured patients, identify predictors of outcome, and establish recovery trajectories by population characteristics. A population-based, prospective cohort study using the Victorian State Trauma Registry (VSTR) was undertaken. We followed up 2,757 adult patients, injured between July 2011 and June 2012, through deaths registry linkage and telephone interview at 6-, 12-, 24-, and 36-months postinjury. The 3-level EuroQol 5 dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) was collected, and mixed-effects regression modelling was used to identify predictors of outcome, and recovery trajectories, for the EQ-5D-3L items and summary score. Mean (SD) age of participants was 50.8 (21.6) years, and 72% were male. Twelve percent (n = 333) died during their hospital stay, 8.1% (n = 222) of patients died postdischarge, and 155 (7.0%) were known to have survived to 36-months postinjury but were lost to follow-up at all time points. The prevalence of reporting problems at 36-months postinjury was 37% for mobility, 21% for self-care, 47% for usual activities, 50% for pain/discomfort, and 41% for anxiety/depression. Continued improvement to 36-months postinjury was only present for the usual activities item; the adjusted relative risk (ARR) of reporting problems decreased from 6 to 12 (ARR 0.87, 95% CI: 0.83-0.90), 12 to 24 (ARR 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.98), and 24 to 36 months (ARR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99). The risk of reporting problems with pain or discomfort increased from 24- to 36-months postinjury (ARR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.12). While loss to follow-up was low, there was responder bias with patients injured in intentional events, younger, and less seriously injured patients less likely to participate; therefore, these patient subgroups were underrepresented in the study findings. The prevalence of ongoing problems at 3-years postinjury is high, confirming that serious injury is frequently a chronic disorder. These findings have implications for trauma system design. Investment in interventions to reduce the longer-term impact of injuries is needed, and greater investment in primary prevention is needed.
AbstractList Improved understanding of the quality of survival of patients is crucial in evaluating trauma care, understanding recovery patterns and timeframes, and informing healthcare, social, and disability service provision. We aimed to describe the longer-term health status of seriously injured patients, identify predictors of outcome, and establish recovery trajectories by population characteristics. A population-based, prospective cohort study using the Victorian State Trauma Registry (VSTR) was undertaken. We followed up 2,757 adult patients, injured between July 2011 and June 2012, through deaths registry linkage and telephone interview at 6-, 12-, 24-, and 36-months postinjury. The 3-level EuroQol 5 dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) was collected, and mixed-effects regression modelling was used to identify predictors of outcome, and recovery trajectories, for the EQ-5D-3L items and summary score. Mean (SD) age of participants was 50.8 (21.6) years, and 72% were male. Twelve percent (n = 333) died during their hospital stay, 8.1% (n = 222) of patients died postdischarge, and 155 (7.0%) were known to have survived to 36-months postinjury but were lost to follow-up at all time points. The prevalence of reporting problems at 36-months postinjury was 37% for mobility, 21% for self-care, 47% for usual activities, 50% for pain/discomfort, and 41% for anxiety/depression. Continued improvement to 36-months postinjury was only present for the usual activities item; the adjusted relative risk (ARR) of reporting problems decreased from 6 to 12 (ARR 0.87, 95% CI: 0.83-0.90), 12 to 24 (ARR 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.98), and 24 to 36 months (ARR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99). The risk of reporting problems with pain or discomfort increased from 24- to 36-months postinjury (ARR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.12). While loss to follow-up was low, there was responder bias with patients injured in intentional events, younger, and less seriously injured patients less likely to participate; therefore, these patient subgroups were underrepresented in the study findings. The prevalence of ongoing problems at 3-years postinjury is high, confirming that serious injury is frequently a chronic disorder. These findings have implications for trauma system design. Investment in interventions to reduce the longer-term impact of injuries is needed, and greater investment in primary prevention is needed.
Improved understanding of the quality of survival of patients is crucial in evaluating trauma care, understanding recovery patterns and timeframes, and informing healthcare, social, and disability service provision. We aimed to describe the longer-term health status of seriously injured patients, identify predictors of outcome, and establish recovery trajectories by population characteristics. A population-based, prospective cohort study using the Victorian State Trauma Registry (VSTR) was undertaken. We followed up 2,757 adult patients, injured between July 2011 and June 2012, through deaths registry linkage and telephone interview at 6-, 12-, 24-, and 36-months postinjury. The 3-level EuroQol 5 dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) was collected, and mixed-effects regression modelling was used to identify predictors of outcome, and recovery trajectories, for the EQ-5D-3L items and summary score. Mean (SD) age of participants was 50.8 (21.6) years, and 72% were male. Twelve percent (n = 333) died during their hospital stay, 8.1% (n = 222) of patients died postdischarge, and 155 (7.0%) were known to have survived to 36-months postinjury but were lost to follow-up at all time points. The prevalence of reporting problems at 36-months postinjury was 37% for mobility, 21% for self-care, 47% for usual activities, 50% for pain/discomfort, and 41% for anxiety/depression. Continued improvement to 36-months postinjury was only present for the usual activities item; the adjusted relative risk (ARR) of reporting problems decreased from 6 to 12 (ARR 0.87, 95% CI: 0.83-0.90), 12 to 24 (ARR 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.98), and 24 to 36 months (ARR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99). The risk of reporting problems with pain or discomfort increased from 24- to 36-months postinjury (ARR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.12). While loss to follow-up was low, there was responder bias with patients injured in intentional events, younger, and less seriously injured patients less likely to participate; therefore, these patient subgroups were underrepresented in the study findings. The prevalence of ongoing problems at 3-years postinjury is high, confirming that serious injury is frequently a chronic disorder. These findings have implications for trauma system design. Investment in interventions to reduce the longer-term impact of injuries is needed, and greater investment in primary prevention is needed.
Improved understanding of the quality of survival of patients is crucial in evaluating trauma care, understanding recovery patterns and timeframes, and informing healthcare, social, and disability service provision. We aimed to describe the longer-term health status of seriously injured patients, identify predictors of outcome, and establish recovery trajectories by population characteristics.BACKGROUNDImproved understanding of the quality of survival of patients is crucial in evaluating trauma care, understanding recovery patterns and timeframes, and informing healthcare, social, and disability service provision. We aimed to describe the longer-term health status of seriously injured patients, identify predictors of outcome, and establish recovery trajectories by population characteristics.A population-based, prospective cohort study using the Victorian State Trauma Registry (VSTR) was undertaken. We followed up 2,757 adult patients, injured between July 2011 and June 2012, through deaths registry linkage and telephone interview at 6-, 12-, 24-, and 36-months postinjury. The 3-level EuroQol 5 dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) was collected, and mixed-effects regression modelling was used to identify predictors of outcome, and recovery trajectories, for the EQ-5D-3L items and summary score. Mean (SD) age of participants was 50.8 (21.6) years, and 72% were male. Twelve percent (n = 333) died during their hospital stay, 8.1% (n = 222) of patients died postdischarge, and 155 (7.0%) were known to have survived to 36-months postinjury but were lost to follow-up at all time points. The prevalence of reporting problems at 36-months postinjury was 37% for mobility, 21% for self-care, 47% for usual activities, 50% for pain/discomfort, and 41% for anxiety/depression. Continued improvement to 36-months postinjury was only present for the usual activities item; the adjusted relative risk (ARR) of reporting problems decreased from 6 to 12 (ARR 0.87, 95% CI: 0.83-0.90), 12 to 24 (ARR 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.98), and 24 to 36 months (ARR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99). The risk of reporting problems with pain or discomfort increased from 24- to 36-months postinjury (ARR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.12). While loss to follow-up was low, there was responder bias with patients injured in intentional events, younger, and less seriously injured patients less likely to participate; therefore, these patient subgroups were underrepresented in the study findings.METHODS AND FINDINGSA population-based, prospective cohort study using the Victorian State Trauma Registry (VSTR) was undertaken. We followed up 2,757 adult patients, injured between July 2011 and June 2012, through deaths registry linkage and telephone interview at 6-, 12-, 24-, and 36-months postinjury. The 3-level EuroQol 5 dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) was collected, and mixed-effects regression modelling was used to identify predictors of outcome, and recovery trajectories, for the EQ-5D-3L items and summary score. Mean (SD) age of participants was 50.8 (21.6) years, and 72% were male. Twelve percent (n = 333) died during their hospital stay, 8.1% (n = 222) of patients died postdischarge, and 155 (7.0%) were known to have survived to 36-months postinjury but were lost to follow-up at all time points. The prevalence of reporting problems at 36-months postinjury was 37% for mobility, 21% for self-care, 47% for usual activities, 50% for pain/discomfort, and 41% for anxiety/depression. Continued improvement to 36-months postinjury was only present for the usual activities item; the adjusted relative risk (ARR) of reporting problems decreased from 6 to 12 (ARR 0.87, 95% CI: 0.83-0.90), 12 to 24 (ARR 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.98), and 24 to 36 months (ARR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99). The risk of reporting problems with pain or discomfort increased from 24- to 36-months postinjury (ARR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.12). While loss to follow-up was low, there was responder bias with patients injured in intentional events, younger, and less seriously injured patients less likely to participate; therefore, these patient subgroups were underrepresented in the study findings.The prevalence of ongoing problems at 3-years postinjury is high, confirming that serious injury is frequently a chronic disorder. These findings have implications for trauma system design. Investment in interventions to reduce the longer-term impact of injuries is needed, and greater investment in primary prevention is needed.CONCLUSIONSThe prevalence of ongoing problems at 3-years postinjury is high, confirming that serious injury is frequently a chronic disorder. These findings have implications for trauma system design. Investment in interventions to reduce the longer-term impact of injuries is needed, and greater investment in primary prevention is needed.
In a population-based longitudinal study, Belinda Gabbe and colleagues report 3-year outcomes for seriously injured patients in Victoria, Australia.
Background Improved understanding of the quality of survival of patients is crucial in evaluating trauma care, understanding recovery patterns and timeframes, and informing healthcare, social, and disability service provision. We aimed to describe the longer-term health status of seriously injured patients, identify predictors of outcome, and establish recovery trajectories by population characteristics. Methods and findings A population-based, prospective cohort study using the Victorian State Trauma Registry (VSTR) was undertaken. We followed up 2,757 adult patients, injured between July 2011 and June 2012, through deaths registry linkage and telephone interview at 6-, 12-, 24-, and 36-months postinjury. The 3-level EuroQol 5 dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) was collected, and mixed-effects regression modelling was used to identify predictors of outcome, and recovery trajectories, for the EQ-5D-3L items and summary score. Mean (SD) age of participants was 50.8 (21.6) years, and 72% were male. Twelve percent (n = 333) died during their hospital stay, 8.1% (n = 222) of patients died postdischarge, and 155 (7.0%) were known to have survived to 36-months postinjury but were lost to follow-up at all time points. The prevalence of reporting problems at 36-months postinjury was 37% for mobility, 21% for self-care, 47% for usual activities, 50% for pain/discomfort, and 41% for anxiety/depression. Continued improvement to 36-months postinjury was only present for the usual activities item; the adjusted relative risk (ARR) of reporting problems decreased from 6 to 12 (ARR 0.87, 95% CI: 0.83-0.90), 12 to 24 (ARR 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.98), and 24 to 36 months (ARR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99). The risk of reporting problems with pain or discomfort increased from 24- to 36-months postinjury (ARR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.12). While loss to follow-up was low, there was responder bias with patients injured in intentional events, younger, and less seriously injured patients less likely to participate; therefore, these patient subgroups were underrepresented in the study findings. Conclusions The prevalence of ongoing problems at 3-years postinjury is high, confirming that serious injury is frequently a chronic disorder. These findings have implications for trauma system design. Investment in interventions to reduce the longer-term impact of injuries is needed, and greater investment in primary prevention is needed.
Background Improved understanding of the quality of survival of patients is crucial in evaluating trauma care, understanding recovery patterns and timeframes, and informing healthcare, social, and disability service provision. We aimed to describe the longer-term health status of seriously injured patients, identify predictors of outcome, and establish recovery trajectories by population characteristics. Methods and findings A population-based, prospective cohort study using the Victorian State Trauma Registry (VSTR) was undertaken. We followed up 2,757 adult patients, injured between July 2011 and June 2012, through deaths registry linkage and telephone interview at 6-, 12-, 24-, and 36-months postinjury. The 3-level EuroQol 5 dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) was collected, and mixed-effects regression modelling was used to identify predictors of outcome, and recovery trajectories, for the EQ-5D-3L items and summary score. Mean (SD) age of participants was 50.8 (21.6) years, and 72% were male. Twelve percent (n = 333) died during their hospital stay, 8.1% (n = 222) of patients died postdischarge, and 155 (7.0%) were known to have survived to 36-months postinjury but were lost to follow-up at all time points. The prevalence of reporting problems at 36-months postinjury was 37% for mobility, 21% for self-care, 47% for usual activities, 50% for pain/discomfort, and 41% for anxiety/depression. Continued improvement to 36-months postinjury was only present for the usual activities item; the adjusted relative risk (ARR) of reporting problems decreased from 6 to 12 (ARR 0.87, 95% CI: 0.83-0.90), 12 to 24 (ARR 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.98), and 24 to 36 months (ARR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99). The risk of reporting problems with pain or discomfort increased from 24- to 36-months postinjury (ARR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.12). While loss to follow-up was low, there was responder bias with patients injured in intentional events, younger, and less seriously injured patients less likely to participate; therefore, these patient subgroups were underrepresented in the study findings. Conclusions The prevalence of ongoing problems at 3-years postinjury is high, confirming that serious injury is frequently a chronic disorder. These findings have implications for trauma system design. Investment in interventions to reduce the longer-term impact of injuries is needed, and greater investment in primary prevention is needed.
BackgroundImproved understanding of the quality of survival of patients is crucial in evaluating trauma care, understanding recovery patterns and timeframes, and informing healthcare, social, and disability service provision. We aimed to describe the longer-term health status of seriously injured patients, identify predictors of outcome, and establish recovery trajectories by population characteristics.Methods and findingsA population-based, prospective cohort study using the Victorian State Trauma Registry (VSTR) was undertaken. We followed up 2,757 adult patients, injured between July 2011 and June 2012, through deaths registry linkage and telephone interview at 6-, 12-, 24-, and 36-months postinjury. The 3-level EuroQol 5 dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) was collected, and mixed-effects regression modelling was used to identify predictors of outcome, and recovery trajectories, for the EQ-5D-3L items and summary score. Mean (SD) age of participants was 50.8 (21.6) years, and 72% were male. Twelve percent (n = 333) died during their hospital stay, 8.1% (n = 222) of patients died postdischarge, and 155 (7.0%) were known to have survived to 36-months postinjury but were lost to follow-up at all time points. The prevalence of reporting problems at 36-months postinjury was 37% for mobility, 21% for self-care, 47% for usual activities, 50% for pain/discomfort, and 41% for anxiety/depression. Continued improvement to 36-months postinjury was only present for the usual activities item; the adjusted relative risk (ARR) of reporting problems decreased from 6 to 12 (ARR 0.87, 95% CI: 0.83-0.90), 12 to 24 (ARR 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.98), and 24 to 36 months (ARR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99). The risk of reporting problems with pain or discomfort increased from 24- to 36-months postinjury (ARR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.12). While loss to follow-up was low, there was responder bias with patients injured in intentional events, younger, and less seriously injured patients less likely to participate; therefore, these patient subgroups were underrepresented in the study findings.ConclusionsThe prevalence of ongoing problems at 3-years postinjury is high, confirming that serious injury is frequently a chronic disorder. These findings have implications for trauma system design. Investment in interventions to reduce the longer-term impact of injuries is needed, and greater investment in primary prevention is needed.
Audience Academic
Author Teague, Warwick J.
Harrison, James E.
Ponsford, Jennie
Gabbe, Belinda J.
Collie, Alex
Cameron, Peter A.
Lyons, Ronan A.
Simpson, Pam M.
Braaf, Sandra
Nunn, Andrew
Judson, Rodney
Ameratunga, Shanthi
Fitzgerald, Mark
AuthorAffiliation 5 School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
12 Surgical Research Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
2 Farr Institute, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
9 Trauma Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
8 Department of Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
13 Victorian Spinal Cord Service, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
14 Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
1 School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
3 Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
7 Trauma Service, The Alfred, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
11 Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry Quee
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 3 Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
– name: 7 Trauma Service, The Alfred, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
– name: 13 Victorian Spinal Cord Service, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
– name: 9 Trauma Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
– name: 8 Department of Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
– name: 6 Insurance Work and Health Group, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
– name: 11 Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
– name: 12 Surgical Research Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
– name: 5 School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
– name: 4 Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
– name: Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry Queen Mary University of London, UNITED KINGDOM
– name: 14 Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
– name: 10 Trauma Service, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
– name: 2 Farr Institute, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
– name: 1 School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
– name: 15 Research Centre for Injury Studies, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Belinda J.
  orcidid: 0000-0001-7096-7688
  surname: Gabbe
  fullname: Gabbe, Belinda J.
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  givenname: Pam M.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-7527-778X
  surname: Simpson
  fullname: Simpson, Pam M.
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  givenname: Peter A.
  surname: Cameron
  fullname: Cameron, Peter A.
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  givenname: Jennie
  surname: Ponsford
  fullname: Ponsford, Jennie
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Ronan A.
  orcidid: 0000-0001-5225-000X
  surname: Lyons
  fullname: Lyons, Ronan A.
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Alex
  orcidid: 0000-0003-2617-9339
  surname: Collie
  fullname: Collie, Alex
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Mark
  orcidid: 0000-0003-0183-7761
  surname: Fitzgerald
  fullname: Fitzgerald, Mark
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Rodney
  surname: Judson
  fullname: Judson, Rodney
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Warwick J.
  orcidid: 0000-0003-4747-6025
  surname: Teague
  fullname: Teague, Warwick J.
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Sandra
  surname: Braaf
  fullname: Braaf, Sandra
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Andrew
  orcidid: 0000-0002-0222-9410
  surname: Nunn
  fullname: Nunn, Andrew
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  givenname: Shanthi
  orcidid: 0000-0001-8042-2251
  surname: Ameratunga
  fullname: Ameratunga, Shanthi
– sequence: 13
  givenname: James E.
  orcidid: 0000-0001-9893-8491
  surname: Harrison
  fullname: Harrison, James E.
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28678814$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
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2017 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Gabbe BJ, Simpson PM, Cameron PA, Ponsford J, Lyons RA, Collie A, et al. (2017) Long-term health status and trajectories of seriously injured patients: A population-based longitudinal study. PLoS Med 14(7): e1002322. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002322
2017 Gabbe et al 2017 Gabbe et al
2017 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Gabbe BJ, Simpson PM, Cameron PA, Ponsford J, Lyons RA, Collie A, et al. (2017) Long-term health status and trajectories of seriously injured patients: A population-based longitudinal study. PLoS Med 14(7): e1002322. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002322
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– notice: 2017 Gabbe et al 2017 Gabbe et al
– notice: 2017 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Gabbe BJ, Simpson PM, Cameron PA, Ponsford J, Lyons RA, Collie A, et al. (2017) Long-term health status and trajectories of seriously injured patients: A population-based longitudinal study. PLoS Med 14(7): e1002322. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002322
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Conceptualization: BJG PAC RAL PMS JEH RJ MF JP SA AC.Data curation: BJG PMS SB.Formal analysis: BJG PMS.Funding acquisition: BJG PAC RAL JEH SA JP MF RJ AC.Investigation: BJG PMS SB.Methodology: BJG PAC RAL JEH SA JP MF RJ AC SB WJT AN.Project administration: BJG SB.Resources: BJG PAC RAL JEH SA JP MF RJ AC SB WJT AN.Supervision: BJG PAC RAL JEH SA JP MF RJ AC SB WJT AN.Validation: PMS BJG.Visualization: BJG PMS.Writing – original draft: BJG PAC RAL JEH SA JP MF RJ AC SB WJT AN.Writing – review & editing: BJG PAC RAL JEH SA JP MF RJ AC SB WJT AN PMS.
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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Background Improved understanding of the quality of survival of patients is crucial in evaluating trauma care, understanding recovery patterns and timeframes,...
In a population-based longitudinal study, Belinda Gabbe and colleagues report 3-year outcomes for seriously injured patients in Victoria, Australia.
BackgroundImproved understanding of the quality of survival of patients is crucial in evaluating trauma care, understanding recovery patterns and timeframes,...
Background Improved understanding of the quality of survival of patients is crucial in evaluating trauma care, understanding recovery patterns and timeframes,...
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Title Long-term health status and trajectories of seriously injured patients: A population-based longitudinal study
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