Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation Enhances Individual Alpha Activity in Human EEG

Non-invasive electrical stimulation of the human cortex by means of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been instrumental in a number of important discoveries in the field of human cortical function and has become a well-established method for evaluating brain function in healthy huma...

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Vydáno v:	PloS one Ročník 5; číslo 11; s. e13766
Hlavní autoři:	Zaehle, Tino, Rach, Stefan, Herrmann, Christoph S.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	United States Public Library of Science 01.11.2010 Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Témata:	Adult Age Algorithms Alpha Rhythm - physiology Alternating current Alzheimer's disease Analysis of Variance Brain Brain - physiology Cognition & reasoning Cortex (occipital) Data processing Direct current EEG Electric fields Electric Stimulation - methods Electrical stimulation of the brain Electrical stimuli Electrodes Electroencephalography ESB Experimental psychology Experiments Female Firing pattern Humans Male Memory Models, Neurological Neural circuitry Neural networks Neurological disorders Neurons Neurons - physiology Neuroscience/Cognitive Neuroscience Neuroscience/Experimental Psychology Neuroscience/Psychology Neurosciences Occipital lobe Oscillations Physiology/Sensory Systems Rhythms Stimulation Synapses Synapses - physiology Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation - methods Trends Young Adult Germany
ISSN:	1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Popis
Shrnutí:	Non-invasive electrical stimulation of the human cortex by means of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been instrumental in a number of important discoveries in the field of human cortical function and has become a well-established method for evaluating brain function in healthy human participants. Recently, transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) has been introduced to directly modulate the ongoing rhythmic brain activity by the application of oscillatory currents on the human scalp. Until now the efficiency of tACS in modulating rhythmic brain activity has been indicated only by inference from perceptual and behavioural consequences of electrical stimulation. No direct electrophysiological evidence of tACS has been reported. We delivered tACS over the occipital cortex of 10 healthy participants to entrain the neuronal oscillatory activity in their individual alpha frequency range and compared results with those from a separate group of participants receiving sham stimulation. The tACS but not the sham stimulation elevated the endogenous alpha power in parieto-central electrodes of the electroencephalogram. Additionally, in a network of spiking neurons, we simulated how tACS can be affected even after the end of stimulation. The results show that spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) selectively modulates synapses depending on the resonance frequencies of the neural circuits that they belong to. Thus, tACS influences STDP which in turn results in aftereffects upon neural activity.The present findings are the first direct electrophysiological evidence of an interaction of tACS and ongoing oscillatory activity in the human cortex. The data demonstrate the ability of tACS to specifically modulate oscillatory brain activity and show its potential both at fostering knowledge on the functional significance of brain oscillations and for therapeutic application.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 Conceived and designed the experiments: TZ SR CSH. Performed the experiments: TZ SR. Analyzed the data: TZ SR CSH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TZ. Wrote the paper: TZ SR CSH.
ISSN:	1932-6203 1932-6203
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pone.0013766