Prenatal Phthalate Exposure and Childhood Growth and Blood Pressure: Evidence from the Spanish INMA-Sabadell Birth Cohort Study

Human evidence on the effects of early life phthalate exposure on obesity and cardiovascular disease risks, reported by experimental studies, is limited to a few cross-sectional studies. We evaluated the associations between prenatal phthalate exposure and childhood growth and blood pressure in a Sp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental health perspectives Vol. 123; no. 10; pp. 1022 - 1029
Main Authors: Valvi, Damaskini, Casas, Maribel, Romaguera, Dora, Monfort, Nuria, Ventura, Rosa, Martinez, David, Sunyer, Jordi, Vrijheid, Martine
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences 01.10.2015
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
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Subjects:
Adult
Age
Birth
Blood pressure
Blood Pressure - drug effects
Body Mass Index
Body size (biology)
Cardiovascular diseases
Care and treatment
Child
Child, Preschool
Children & youth
Children's Health
Cohort analysis
Creatinine
Creixement
Cross sections
Development and progression
Embaràs
Environmental Pollutants - toxicity
Exposure
Female
Food
Growth models
Health risk assessment
Health risks
Hospitals
Human
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infants
Male
Medical research
Metabolites
Molecular weight
Nutrition research
Obesity
Phthalate plasticizers
Phthalates
Phthalic Acids - toxicity
Polyvinyl chloride
Pregnancy
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - chemically induced
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - epidemiology
Pressió sanguínia
Prospective Studies
Questionnaires
Sex Factors
Spain - epidemiology
Studies
Urine
Values
Waist-Height Ratio
Weight Gain - drug effects
Womens health
Àcid ftàlic
Spain
ISSN:0091-6765, 1552-9924
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Human evidence on the effects of early life phthalate exposure on obesity and cardiovascular disease risks, reported by experimental studies, is limited to a few cross-sectional studies. We evaluated the associations between prenatal phthalate exposure and childhood growth and blood pressure in a Spanish birth cohort study. We assessed exposure using the average of two phthalate metabolite spot-urine concentrations collected from the mothers in the first and third pregnancy trimesters (creatinine-adjusted, n = 391). Study outcomes were the difference in age- and sex-specific z-scores for weight between birth and 6 months of age; and repeated age- and sex-specific z-scores for body mass index (BMI) at 1, 4, and 7 years; waist-to-height ratio at 4 and 7 years; and age- and height-specific z-scores for systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 4 and 7 years. The sum of five high-molecular-weight phthalate metabolites (ΣHMWPm) was associated with lower weight z-score difference between birth and 6 months (β per doubling of exposure = -0.41; 95% CI: -0.75, -0.06) and BMI z-scores at later ages in boys (β = -0.28; 95% CI: -0.60, 0.03) and with higher weight z-score difference (β = 0.24; 95% CI: -0.16, 0.65) and BMI z-scores in girls (β = 0.30; 95% CI: -0.04, 0.64) (p for sex interaction = 0.01 and 0.05, respectively). The sum of three low-molecular-weight phthalates (ΣLMWPm) was not significantly associated with any of the growth outcomes. ΣHMWPm and ΣLMWPm were associated with lower systolic blood pressure z-scores in girls but not in boys. This study suggests that prenatal phthalate exposure may be associated with postnatal growth and blood pressure in a sex-specific manner. Inconsistencies with previous cross-sectional findings highlight the necessity for evaluating phthalate health effects in prospective studies.
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ISSN:0091-6765
1552-9924
DOI:10.1289/ehp.1408887