How populist attitudes scales fail to capture support for populists in power

Populist attitudes are generally measured in surveys through three necessary and non-compensatory elements of populism, namely anti-elitism, people-centrism, and Manicheanism. Using Comparative Study of Electoral Systems Module 5 (2016–2020) data for 30 countries, we evaluate whether this approach e...

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Vydané v:	PloS one Ročník 16; číslo 12; s. e0261658 - 20
Hlavní autori:	Jungkunz, Sebastian, Fahey, Robert A., Hino, Airo
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	United States Public Library of Science 31.12.2021 Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Predmet:	Academic staff Americas Asia Attitude Attitudes Batteries Bias Biology and Life Sciences Bureaucrats Centrism Comparative analysis Comparative studies CSES Elections Electoral systems Elitism Europe Humans Influence International comparisons Japan Journalists Leadership Organizations People and Places Perceptions Political attitudes Political elites Political factors Political leadership Political parties Politics Polls & surveys Populism Populismus Power Questionnaires Research and Analysis Methods Rhetoric Skalen Social Class Social Sciences Surveys and Questionnaires Usefulness Voter behavior Voting Americas Asia Europe Japan Germany
ISSN:	1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Shrnutí:	Populist attitudes are generally measured in surveys through three necessary and non-compensatory elements of populism, namely anti-elitism, people-centrism, and Manicheanism. Using Comparative Study of Electoral Systems Module 5 (2016–2020) data for 30 countries, we evaluate whether this approach explains voting for populist parties across countries in Asia, Europe and the Americas. We show that the existing scales of populist attitudes effectively explain voting for populists in countries where populist leaders and parties are in opposition but fail to explain voting for populist parties in countries where they are in power . We argue that current approaches assume “the elite” to mean “politicians”, thus failing to capture attitudes towards “non-political elites” often targeted by populists in office—in particular, journalists, academics/experts, bureaucrats, and corporate business leaders. The results reveal limits to the usefulness of existing survey batteries in cross-national studies of populism and emphasize the need to develop approaches that are more generalizable across political and national contexts.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:	1932-6203 1932-6203
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pone.0261658