Prevalence of Tuberculosis Infection Among Adults of Thiruvananthapuram District of Kerala as Measured by Interferon Gamma Release Assay - A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: To achieve the goals of the end tuberculosis (TB) strategy, strategies for management of TB infection (TBI) have to be expanded. The first step to devise policies is to understand the distribution and determinants of TBI in the community. The objectives of the study were to estimate the...

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Published in:Indian journal of community medicine Vol. 47; no. 4; pp. 501 - 505
Main Authors: Mohan, Aparna, Indu, P.S., Nair, Sanjeev, Rakesh, P.S., Saradadevi, K.L., Rajahamsan, Jyothi
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: India Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 01.10.2022
Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd
Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Edition:2
Subjects:
Adults
Analysis
Bacterial infections
Biological response modifiers
Cross-sectional studies
Epidemiology
Interferon
Interferon gamma
kerala
Original
Original Article
prevalence
risk factors
Tuberculosis
tuberculosis infection
India
Kerala India
prevalence
risk factors
tuberculosis infection
Kerala
tuberculosis
ISSN:0970-0218, 1998-3581
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Background: To achieve the goals of the end tuberculosis (TB) strategy, strategies for management of TB infection (TBI) have to be expanded. The first step to devise policies is to understand the distribution and determinants of TBI in the community. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of TBI using Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) and its determinants among the adult population of Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala. Materials and Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study using the stratified cluster sampling was carried out among the adults. TBI was detected using IGRA conducted on whole blood sample. Data on determinants were collected using a structured questionnaire by the face-to-face interview. The prevalence of TBI was estimated. Univariate and multivariate analysis was conducted to identify the determinants. Results: Age standardized prevalence of TBI among 396 adults was 20.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 16.52-24.48). On adjusting for the possible confounders, increasing age (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.028; 95% CI 1.008-1.048; P = 0.005), history of contact with active TB disease (adjusted OR 7.61; 95% CI 4.43-13.05; P < 0.001), childhood contact (adjusted OR 8.20; 95% CI 3.14-21.41; P < 0.001), and household contact (adjusted OR 10.12; 95% CI 5.39-18.98; P < 0.001) were found to be the determinants of TBI in this population. Conclusion: The present study observed that nearly one-fifth of the adult population in the Thiruvananthapuram district has TBI. For the programmatic management, factors such as increasing age and contact history may be considered for the elimination of TBI in the state.
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ISSN:0970-0218
1998-3581
DOI:10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_1322_21