Empathy in Clinical Practice: How Individual Dispositions, Gender, and Experience Moderate Empathic Concern, Burnout, and Emotional Distress in Physicians

To better understand clinical empathy and what factors can undermine its experience and outcome in care-giving settings, a large-scale study was conducted with 7,584 board certified practicing physicians. Online validated instruments assessing different aspects of empathy, distress, burnout, altruis...

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Vydáno v:PloS one Ročník 8; číslo 4; s. e61526
Hlavní autoři: Gleichgerrcht, Ezequiel, Decety, Jean
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: United States Public Library of Science 19.04.2013
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Témata:
Adult
Affective Symptoms - psychology
Age factors
Alexithymia
Altruism
Arousal
Behavior
Burnout
Burnout, Professional - psychology
Clinical medicine
Demography
Emotional behavior
Emotions
Empathy
Exhaustion
Factor Analysis, Statistical
Fatigue
Female
Gender differences
Humans
Male
Medical personnel
Medical practice
Medicine
Neural networks
Neurosciences
Pain
Patient satisfaction
Physicians
Physicians - psychology
Population
Principal Component Analysis
Professional Competence
Professional Practice
Professionals
Psychiatry
Psychology
Quality of Life
Regression Analysis
Sex Characteristics
Social and Behavioral Sciences
Well being
Argentina
ISSN:1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Shrnutí:To better understand clinical empathy and what factors can undermine its experience and outcome in care-giving settings, a large-scale study was conducted with 7,584 board certified practicing physicians. Online validated instruments assessing different aspects of empathy, distress, burnout, altruistic behavior, emotional awareness, and well-being were used. Compassion satisfaction was strongly associated with empathic concern, perspective taking and altruism, while compassion fatigue (burnout and secondary traumatic stress) was more closely related to personal distress and alexithymia. Gender had a highly selective effect on empathic concern, with women displaying higher values, which led to a wide array of negative and devalued feelings. Years of experience did not influence dispositional measures per se after controlling for the effect of age and gender. Participants who experienced compassion fatigue with little to no compassion satisfaction showed the highest scores on personal distress and alexithymia as well as the strongest indicators of compassion fatigue. Physicians who have difficulty regulating their negative arousal and describing and identifying emotions seem to be more prone to emotional exhaustion, detachment, and a low sense of accomplishment. On the contrary, the ability to engage in self-other awareness and regulate one's emotions and the tendency to help others, seem to contribute to the sense of compassion that comes from assisting patients in clinical practice.
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Conceived and designed the experiments: EG JD. Performed the experiments: EG JD. Analyzed the data: EG JD. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: EG JD. Wrote the paper: EG JD.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0061526