Bioaccumulation of therapeutic drugs by human gut bacteria

Bacteria in the gut can modulate the availability and efficacy of therapeutic drugs. However, the systematic mapping of the interactions between drugs and bacteria has only started recently 1 and the main underlying mechanism proposed is the chemical transformation of drugs by microorganisms (biotra...

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Veröffentlicht in:Nature (London) Jg. 597; H. 7877; S. 533 - 538
Hauptverfasser: Klünemann, Martina, Andrejev, Sergej, Blasche, Sonja, Mateus, Andre, Phapale, Prasad, Devendran, Saravanan, Vappiani, Johanna, Simon, Bernd, Scott, Timothy A., Kafkia, Eleni, Konstantinidis, Dimitrios, Zirngibl, Katharina, Mastrorilli, Eleonora, Banzhaf, Manuel, Mackmull, Marie-Therese, Hövelmann, Felix, Nesme, Leo, Brochado, Ana Rita, Maier, Lisa, Bock, Thomas, Periwal, Vinita, Kumar, Manjeet, Kim, Yongkyu, Tramontano, Melanie, Schultz, Carsten, Beck, Martin, Hennig, Janosch, Zimmermann, Michael, Sévin, Daniel C., Cabreiro, Filipe, Savitski, Mikhail M., Bork, Peer, Typas, Athanasios, Patil, Kiran R.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: London Nature Publishing Group UK 23.09.2021
Nature Publishing Group
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ISSN:0028-0836, 1476-4687, 1476-4687
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Abstract Bacteria in the gut can modulate the availability and efficacy of therapeutic drugs. However, the systematic mapping of the interactions between drugs and bacteria has only started recently 1 and the main underlying mechanism proposed is the chemical transformation of drugs by microorganisms (biotransformation). Here we investigated the depletion of 15 structurally diverse drugs by 25 representative strains of gut bacteria. This revealed 70 bacteria–drug interactions, 29 of which had not to our knowledge been reported before. Over half of the new interactions can be ascribed to bioaccumulation; that is, bacteria storing the drug intracellularly without chemically modifying it, and in most cases without the growth of the bacteria being affected. As a case in point, we studied the molecular basis of bioaccumulation of the widely used antidepressant duloxetine by using click chemistry, thermal proteome profiling and metabolomics. We find that duloxetine binds to several metabolic enzymes and changes the metabolite secretion of the respective bacteria. When tested in a defined microbial community of accumulators and non-accumulators, duloxetine markedly altered the composition of the community through metabolic cross-feeding. We further validated our findings in an animal model, showing that bioaccumulating bacteria attenuate the behavioural response of Caenorhabditis elegans to duloxetine. Together, our results show that bioaccumulation by gut bacteria may be a common mechanism that alters drug availability and bacterial metabolism, with implications for microbiota composition, pharmacokinetics, side effects and drug responses, probably in an individual manner. An analysis of the interactions between 15 drugs and 25 gut bacterial strains shows that bioaccumulation of drugs within bacterial cells is another mechanism through which gut microorganisms can alter drug availability and efficacy.
AbstractList Bacteria in the gut can modulate the availability and efficacy of therapeutic drugs. However, the systematic mapping of the interactions between drugs and bacteria has only started recently.sup.1 and the main underlying mechanism proposed is the chemical transformation of drugs by microorganisms (biotransformation). Here we investigated the depletion of 15 structurally diverse drugs by 25 representative strains of gut bacteria. This revealed 70 bacteria-drug interactions, 29 of which had not to our knowledge been reported before. Over half of the new interactions can be ascribed to bioaccumulation; that is, bacteria storing the drug intracellularly without chemically modifying it, and in most cases without the growth of the bacteria being affected. As a case in point, we studied the molecular basis of bioaccumulation of the widely used antidepressant duloxetine by using click chemistry, thermal proteome profiling and metabolomics. We find that duloxetine binds to several metabolic enzymes and changes the metabolite secretion of the respective bacteria. When tested in a defined microbial community of accumulators and non-accumulators, duloxetine markedly altered the composition of the community through metabolic cross-feeding. We further validated our findings in an animal model, showing that bioaccumulating bacteria attenuate the behavioural response of Caenorhabditis elegans to duloxetine. Together, our results show that bioaccumulation by gut bacteria may be a common mechanism that alters drug availability and bacterial metabolism, with implications for microbiota composition, pharmacokinetics, side effects and drug responses, probably in an individual manner.
Bacteria in the gut can modulate the availability and efficacy of therapeutic drugs. However, the systematic mapping of the interactions between drugs and bacteria has only started recently1 and the main underlying mechanism proposed is the chemical transformation of drugs by microorganisms (biotransformation). Here we investigated the depletion of 15 structurally diverse drugs by 25 representative strains of gut bacteria. This revealed 70 bacteria-drug interactions, 29 of which had not to our knowledge been reported before. Over half of the new interactions can be ascribed to bioaccumulation; that is, bacteria storing the drug intracellularly without chemically modifying it, and in most cases without the growth of the bacteria being affected. As a case in point, we studied the molecular basis of bioaccumulation of the widely used antidepressant duloxetine by using click chemistry, thermal proteome profiling and metabolomics. We find that duloxetine binds to several metabolic enzymes and changes the metabolite secretion of the respective bacteria. When tested in a defined microbial community of accumulators and non-accumulators, duloxetine markedly altered the composition of the community through metabolic cross-feeding. We further validated our findings in an animal model, showing that bioaccumulating bacteria attenuate the behavioural response of Caenorhabditis elegans to duloxetine. Together, our results show that bioaccumulation by gut bacteria may be a common mechanism that alters drug availability and bacterial metabolism, with implications for microbiota composition, pharmacokinetics, side effects and drug responses, probably in an individual manner.Bacteria in the gut can modulate the availability and efficacy of therapeutic drugs. However, the systematic mapping of the interactions between drugs and bacteria has only started recently1 and the main underlying mechanism proposed is the chemical transformation of drugs by microorganisms (biotransformation). Here we investigated the depletion of 15 structurally diverse drugs by 25 representative strains of gut bacteria. This revealed 70 bacteria-drug interactions, 29 of which had not to our knowledge been reported before. Over half of the new interactions can be ascribed to bioaccumulation; that is, bacteria storing the drug intracellularly without chemically modifying it, and in most cases without the growth of the bacteria being affected. As a case in point, we studied the molecular basis of bioaccumulation of the widely used antidepressant duloxetine by using click chemistry, thermal proteome profiling and metabolomics. We find that duloxetine binds to several metabolic enzymes and changes the metabolite secretion of the respective bacteria. When tested in a defined microbial community of accumulators and non-accumulators, duloxetine markedly altered the composition of the community through metabolic cross-feeding. We further validated our findings in an animal model, showing that bioaccumulating bacteria attenuate the behavioural response of Caenorhabditis elegans to duloxetine. Together, our results show that bioaccumulation by gut bacteria may be a common mechanism that alters drug availability and bacterial metabolism, with implications for microbiota composition, pharmacokinetics, side effects and drug responses, probably in an individual manner.
Bacteria in the gut can modulate the availability and efficacy of therapeutic drugs. However, the systematic mapping of the interactions between drugs and bacteria has only started recently and the main underlying mechanism proposed is the chemical transformation of drugs by microorganisms (biotransformation). Here we investigated the depletion of 15 structurally diverse drugs by 25 representative strains of gut bacteria. This revealed 70 bacteria-drug interactions, 29 of which had not to our knowledge been reported before. Over half of the new interactions can be ascribed to bioaccumulation; that is, bacteria storing the drug intracellularly without chemically modifying it, and in most cases without the growth of the bacteria being affected. As a case in point, we studied the molecular basis of bioaccumulation of the widely used antidepressant duloxetine by using click chemistry, thermal proteome profiling and metabolomics. We find that duloxetine binds to several metabolic enzymes and changes the metabolite secretion of the respective bacteria. When tested in a defined microbial community of accumulators and non-accumulators, duloxetine markedly altered the composition of the community through metabolic cross-feeding. We further validated our findings in an animal model, showing that bioaccumulating bacteria attenuate the behavioural response of Caenorhabditis elegans to duloxetine. Together, our results show that bioaccumulation by gut bacteria may be a common mechanism that alters drug availability and bacterial metabolism, with implications for microbiota composition, pharmacokinetics, side effects and drug responses, probably in an individual manner.
Bacteria in the gut can modulate the availability and efficacy of therapeutic drugs. However, the systematic mapping of the interactions between drugs and bacteria has only started recently.sup.1 and the main underlying mechanism proposed is the chemical transformation of drugs by microorganisms (biotransformation). Here we investigated the depletion of 15 structurally diverse drugs by 25 representative strains of gut bacteria. This revealed 70 bacteria-drug interactions, 29 of which had not to our knowledge been reported before. Over half of the new interactions can be ascribed to bioaccumulation; that is, bacteria storing the drug intracellularly without chemically modifying it, and in most cases without the growth of the bacteria being affected. As a case in point, we studied the molecular basis of bioaccumulation of the widely used antidepressant duloxetine by using click chemistry, thermal proteome profiling and metabolomics. We find that duloxetine binds to several metabolic enzymes and changes the metabolite secretion of the respective bacteria. When tested in a defined microbial community of accumulators and non-accumulators, duloxetine markedly altered the composition of the community through metabolic cross-feeding. We further validated our findings in an animal model, showing that bioaccumulating bacteria attenuate the behavioural response of Caenorhabditis elegans to duloxetine. Together, our results show that bioaccumulation by gut bacteria may be a common mechanism that alters drug availability and bacterial metabolism, with implications for microbiota composition, pharmacokinetics, side effects and drug responses, probably in an individual manner. An analysis of the interactions between 15 drugs and 25 gut bacterial strains shows that bioaccumulation of drugs within bacterial cells is another mechanism through which gut microorganisms can alter drug availability and efficacy.
Bacteria in the gut can modulate the availability and efficacy of therapeutic drugs. Yet, the systematic mapping of the respective interactions has only started recently1 and the main underlying mechanism proposed is chemical transformation of drugs by microbes (biotransformation). Here, we investigated the depletion of 15 structurally diverse drugs by 25 representative gut bacterial strains. This revealed 70 bacteria-drug interactions, 29 of which had not been reported before. Over half of the new interactions can be ascribed to bioaccumulation, that is bacteria storing the drug intracellularly without chemically modifying it, and in most cases without their growth being affected. As a case in point, we studied the molecular basis of bioaccumulation of the widely used antidepressant duloxetine by using click-chemistry, thermal proteome profiling and metabolomics. We find that duloxetine binds to several metabolic enzymes and changes metabolite secretion of the respective bacteria. When tested in a defined microbial community of accumulators and non-accumulators, duloxetine markedly altered the community composition through metabolic cross-feeding. We further validated our findings in an animal model, showing that bioaccumulating bacteria attenuate the behavioral response of Caenorhabditis elegans to duloxetine. Taken together, bioaccumulation by gut bacteria may be a common mechanism that alters drug availability and bacterial metabolism, with implications for microbiota composition, pharmacokinetics, side effects and drug responses, likely in an individual manner.
Bacteria in the gut can modulate the availability and efficacy of therapeutic drugs. However, the systematic mapping of the interactions between drugs and bacteria has only started recently1 and the main underlying mechanism proposed is the chemical transformation of drugs by microorganisms (biotransformation). Here we investigated the depletion of 15 structurally diverse drugs by 25 representative strains of gut bacteria. This revealed 70 bacteria-drug interactions, 29 of which had not to our knowledge been reported before. Over half of the new interactions can be ascribed to bioaccumulation; that is, bacteria storing the drug intracellularly without chemically modifying it, and in most cases without the growth of the bacteria being affected. As a case in point, we studied the molecular basis of bioaccumulation of the widely used antidepressant duloxetine by using click chemistry, thermal proteome profiling and metabolomics. We find that duloxetine binds to several metabolic enzymes and changes the metabolite secretion of the respective bacteria. When tested in a defined microbial community of accumulators and non-accumulators, duloxetine markedly altered the composition of the community through metabolic cross-feeding. We further validated our findings in an animal model, showing that bioaccumulating bacteria attenuate the behavioural response of Caenorhabditis elegans to duloxetine. Together, our results show that bioaccumulation by gut bacteria may be a common mechanism that alters drug availability and bacterial metabolism, with implications for microbiota composition, pharmacokinetics, side effects and drug responses, probably in an individual manner.
Bacteria in the gut can modulate the availability and efficacy of therapeutic drugs. However, the systematic mapping of the interactions between drugs and bacteria has only started recently 1 and the main underlying mechanism proposed is the chemical transformation of drugs by microorganisms (biotransformation). Here we investigated the depletion of 15 structurally diverse drugs by 25 representative strains of gut bacteria. This revealed 70 bacteria–drug interactions, 29 of which had not to our knowledge been reported before. Over half of the new interactions can be ascribed to bioaccumulation; that is, bacteria storing the drug intracellularly without chemically modifying it, and in most cases without the growth of the bacteria being affected. As a case in point, we studied the molecular basis of bioaccumulation of the widely used antidepressant duloxetine by using click chemistry, thermal proteome profiling and metabolomics. We find that duloxetine binds to several metabolic enzymes and changes the metabolite secretion of the respective bacteria. When tested in a defined microbial community of accumulators and non-accumulators, duloxetine markedly altered the composition of the community through metabolic cross-feeding. We further validated our findings in an animal model, showing that bioaccumulating bacteria attenuate the behavioural response of Caenorhabditis elegans to duloxetine. Together, our results show that bioaccumulation by gut bacteria may be a common mechanism that alters drug availability and bacterial metabolism, with implications for microbiota composition, pharmacokinetics, side effects and drug responses, probably in an individual manner. An analysis of the interactions between 15 drugs and 25 gut bacterial strains shows that bioaccumulation of drugs within bacterial cells is another mechanism through which gut microorganisms can alter drug availability and efficacy.
Audience Academic
Author Phapale, Prasad
Kafkia, Eleni
Hennig, Janosch
Periwal, Vinita
Cabreiro, Filipe
Zimmermann, Michael
Bork, Peer
Maier, Lisa
Andrejev, Sergej
Simon, Bernd
Zirngibl, Katharina
Kim, Yongkyu
Nesme, Leo
Blasche, Sonja
Savitski, Mikhail M.
Klünemann, Martina
Hövelmann, Felix
Kumar, Manjeet
Bock, Thomas
Typas, Athanasios
Mackmull, Marie-Therese
Patil, Kiran R.
Banzhaf, Manuel
Vappiani, Johanna
Mateus, Andre
Tramontano, Melanie
Konstantinidis, Dimitrios
Mastrorilli, Eleonora
Scott, Timothy A.
Beck, Martin
Sévin, Daniel C.
Brochado, Ana Rita
Schultz, Carsten
Devendran, Saravanan
AuthorAffiliation 3 Cellzome, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Heidelberg, Germany
12 Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
14 Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
17 Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
1 European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
16 Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
2 Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, UK
15 Yonsei Frontier Lab (YFL), Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34497420$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Present address: School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, UK
Present address: University of Würzburg, Germany
Present address: University of Tübingen, Germany
Presen address: German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
Present address: Biozentrum, University of Basel, Switzerland
Present address: Molecular Health GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
Present address: Evonik Operations GmbH, Essen, Germany
Present address: CECAD, University of Cologne, Germany
Present address: ETH Zürich, Switzerland.
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Snippet Bacteria in the gut can modulate the availability and efficacy of therapeutic drugs. However, the systematic mapping of the interactions between drugs and...
Bacteria in the gut can modulate the availability and efficacy of therapeutic drugs. Yet, the systematic mapping of the respective interactions has only...
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StartPage 533
SubjectTerms 631/326/2565/2134
631/553/2710
64/11
82/58
Accumulators
Animal models
Animals
Antidepressants
Antidepressive Agents - metabolism
Antidepressive Agents - pharmacokinetics
Availability
Bacteria
Bacteria - metabolism
Bioaccumulation
Biosynthesis
Biotransformation
Caenorhabditis elegans - metabolism
Cells - metabolism
Chemical synthesis
Chemistry
Chromatography
Click Chemistry
Composition effects
Depletion
Drug interactions
Drug metabolism
Duloxetine
Duloxetine Hydrochloride - adverse effects
Duloxetine Hydrochloride - metabolism
Duloxetine Hydrochloride - pharmacokinetics
E coli
Enzymes
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Metabolism
Metabolites
Metabolomics
Microbiota
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Microorganisms
Models, Animal
multidisciplinary
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacology, Experimental
Physiological aspects
Proteins
Proteomes
Proteomics
Reproducibility of Results
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Side effects
Syntrophism
Title Bioaccumulation of therapeutic drugs by human gut bacteria
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41586-021-03891-8
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7614428
Volume 597
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