Betaine anhydrous in homocystinuria: results from the RoCH registry

Background The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane® – Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational, multi-centre, post-authorization safety study that aimed to identify safety of betaine anhydrous (Cystadane®) in the treatment of patients with inborn erro...

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Veröffentlicht in:Orphanet journal of rare diseases Jg. 14; H. 1; S. 66 - 10
Hauptverfasser: Valayannopoulos, Vassili, Schiff, Manuel, Guffon, Nathalie, Nadjar, Yann, García-Cazorla, Angels, Martinez-Pardo Casanova, Mercedes, Cano, Aline, Couce, Maria L., Dalmau, Jaime, Peña-Quintana, Luis, Rigalleau, Vincent, Touati, Guy, Aldamiz-Echevarria, Luis, Cathebras, Pascal, Eyer, Didier, Brunet, Dominique, Damaj, Léna, Dobbelaere, Dries, Gay, Claire, Hiéronimus, Sylvie, Levrat, Virginie, Maillot, François
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: London BioMed Central 14.03.2019
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
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ISSN:1750-1172, 1750-1172
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Abstract Background The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane® – Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational, multi-centre, post-authorization safety study that aimed to identify safety of betaine anhydrous (Cystadane®) in the treatment of patients with inborn errors of homocysteine metabolism (homocystinuria) in order to minimise the treatment associated risks and establish better knowledge on its clinical use. The registry included patients of all ages with homocystinuria who were treated with betaine anhydrous in conjunction with other therapies. Clinical data were collected retrospectively from 2007 to 2013, then prospectively up to February 2014. All adverse events (AEs) reported during the study were recorded. The clinical and biological status of patients was monitored at least once a year. Results A total of 125 patients with homocystinuria (adults [> 18 years]: 50; paediatric [≤18 years]: 75) were enrolled at 29 centres in France and Spain. Patients were treated with betaine anhydrous for a mean duration of 7.4 ± 4.3 years. The median total daily dose of betaine anhydrous at the first and last study visits was 6 g/day for cystathionine β-synthase (CBS)-deficient vitamin B6 responders and 9 g/day for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase-deficient patients, while the median daily dose increased in CBS-deficient B6 non-responders (from 6 to 9 g/day) and cobalamin metabolism-defective patients (from 3 to 6 g/day) between the first and last visits. Treatment caused a mean overall reduction of 29% in plasma homocysteine levels in the study population. A total of 277 AEs were reported during the study, of which two non-serious AEs (bad taste and headache) and one serious AE (interstitial lung disease) were considered to be drug related. Overall, betaine anhydrous was well tolerated with no major safety concerns. Conclusions Data from the RoCH registry provided real-world evidence on the clinical safety and efficacy of betaine anhydrous in the management of homocystinuria in paediatric and adult patients.
AbstractList The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane[R] - Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational, multi-centre, post-authorization safety study that aimed to identify safety of betaine anhydrous (Cystadane[R]) in the treatment of patients with inborn errors of homocysteine metabolism (homocystinuria) in order to minimise the treatment associated risks and establish better knowledge on its clinical use. The registry included patients of all ages with homocystinuria who were treated with betaine anhydrous in conjunction with other therapies. Clinical data were collected retrospectively from 2007 to 2013, then prospectively up to February 2014. All adverse events (AEs) reported during the study were recorded. The clinical and biological status of patients was monitored at least once a year. A total of 125 patients with homocystinuria (adults [> 18 years]: 50; paediatric [[less than or equai to]18 years]: 75) were enrolled at 29 centres in France and Spain. Patients were treated with betaine anhydrous for a mean duration of 7.4 [+ or -] 4.3 years. The median total daily dose of betaine anhydrous at the first and last study visits was 6 g/day for cystathionine [beta]-synthase (CBS)-deficient vitamin B6 responders and 9 g/day for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase-deficient patients, while the median daily dose increased in CBS-deficient B6 non-responders (from 6 to 9 g/day) and cobalamin metabolism-defective patients (from 3 to 6 g/day) between the first and last visits. Treatment caused a mean overall reduction of 29% in plasma homocysteine levels in the study population. A total of 277 AEs were reported during the study, of which two non-serious AEs (bad taste and headache) and one serious AE (interstitial lung disease) were considered to be drug related. Overall, betaine anhydrous was well tolerated with no major safety concerns. Data from the RoCH registry provided real-world evidence on the clinical safety and efficacy of betaine anhydrous in the management of homocystinuria in paediatric and adult patients.
BACKGROUND: The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane(R) - Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational, multi-centre, post-authorization safety study that aimed to identify safety of betaine anhydrous (Cystadane(R)) in the treatment of patients with inborn errors of homocysteine metabolism (homocystinuria) in order to minimise the treatment associated risks and establish better knowledge on its clinical use. The registry included patients of all ages with homocystinuria who were treated with betaine anhydrous in conjunction with other therapies. Clinical data were collected retrospectively from 2007 to 2013, then prospectively up to February 2014. All adverse events (AEs) reported during the study were recorded. The clinical and biological status of patients was monitored at least once a year.RESULTS: A total of 125 patients with homocystinuria (adults [> 18 years]: 50; paediatric [</=18 years]: 75) were enrolled at 29 centres in France and Spain. Patients were treated with betaine anhydrous for a mean duration of 7.4 +/- 4.3 years. The median total daily dose of betaine anhydrous at the first and last study visits was 6 g/day for cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS)-deficient vitamin B6 responders and 9 g/day for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase-deficient patients, while the median daily dose increased in CBS-deficient B6 non-responders (from 6 to 9 g/day) and cobalamin metabolism-defective patients (from 3 to 6 g/day) between the first and last visits. Treatment caused a mean overall reduction of 29% in plasma homocysteine levels in the study population. A total of 277 AEs were reported during the study, of which two non-serious AEs (bad taste and headache) and one serious AE (interstitial lung disease) were considered to be drug related. Overall, betaine anhydrous was well tolerated with no major safety concerns.CONCLUSIONS: Data from the RoCH registry provided real-world evidence on the clinical safety and efficacy of betaine anhydrous in the management of homocystinuria in paediatric and adult patients.
The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane® - Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational, multi-centre, post-authorization safety study that aimed to identify safety of betaine anhydrous (Cystadane®) in the treatment of patients with inborn errors of homocysteine metabolism (homocystinuria) in order to minimise the treatment associated risks and establish better knowledge on its clinical use. The registry included patients of all ages with homocystinuria who were treated with betaine anhydrous in conjunction with other therapies. Clinical data were collected retrospectively from 2007 to 2013, then prospectively up to February 2014. All adverse events (AEs) reported during the study were recorded. The clinical and biological status of patients was monitored at least once a year. A total of 125 patients with homocystinuria (adults [> 18 years]: 50; paediatric [≤18 years]: 75) were enrolled at 29 centres in France and Spain. Patients were treated with betaine anhydrous for a mean duration of 7.4 ± 4.3 years. The median total daily dose of betaine anhydrous at the first and last study visits was 6 g/day for cystathionine β-synthase (CBS)-deficient vitamin B6 responders and 9 g/day for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase-deficient patients, while the median daily dose increased in CBS-deficient B6 non-responders (from 6 to 9 g/day) and cobalamin metabolism-defective patients (from 3 to 6 g/day) between the first and last visits. Treatment caused a mean overall reduction of 29% in plasma homocysteine levels in the study population. A total of 277 AEs were reported during the study, of which two non-serious AEs (bad taste and headache) and one serious AE (interstitial lung disease) were considered to be drug related. Overall, betaine anhydrous was well tolerated with no major safety concerns. Data from the RoCH registry provided real-world evidence on the clinical safety and efficacy of betaine anhydrous in the management of homocystinuria in paediatric and adult patients.
Background The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane® – Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational, multi-centre, post-authorization safety study that aimed to identify safety of betaine anhydrous (Cystadane®) in the treatment of patients with inborn errors of homocysteine metabolism (homocystinuria) in order to minimise the treatment associated risks and establish better knowledge on its clinical use. The registry included patients of all ages with homocystinuria who were treated with betaine anhydrous in conjunction with other therapies. Clinical data were collected retrospectively from 2007 to 2013, then prospectively up to February 2014. All adverse events (AEs) reported during the study were recorded. The clinical and biological status of patients was monitored at least once a year. Results A total of 125 patients with homocystinuria (adults [> 18 years]: 50; paediatric [≤18 years]: 75) were enrolled at 29 centres in France and Spain. Patients were treated with betaine anhydrous for a mean duration of 7.4 ± 4.3 years. The median total daily dose of betaine anhydrous at the first and last study visits was 6 g/day for cystathionine β-synthase (CBS)-deficient vitamin B6 responders and 9 g/day for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase-deficient patients, while the median daily dose increased in CBS-deficient B6 non-responders (from 6 to 9 g/day) and cobalamin metabolism-defective patients (from 3 to 6 g/day) between the first and last visits. Treatment caused a mean overall reduction of 29% in plasma homocysteine levels in the study population. A total of 277 AEs were reported during the study, of which two non-serious AEs (bad taste and headache) and one serious AE (interstitial lung disease) were considered to be drug related. Overall, betaine anhydrous was well tolerated with no major safety concerns. Conclusions Data from the RoCH registry provided real-world evidence on the clinical safety and efficacy of betaine anhydrous in the management of homocystinuria in paediatric and adult patients.
Background The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane[R] - Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational, multi-centre, post-authorization safety study that aimed to identify safety of betaine anhydrous (Cystadane[R]) in the treatment of patients with inborn errors of homocysteine metabolism (homocystinuria) in order to minimise the treatment associated risks and establish better knowledge on its clinical use. The registry included patients of all ages with homocystinuria who were treated with betaine anhydrous in conjunction with other therapies. Clinical data were collected retrospectively from 2007 to 2013, then prospectively up to February 2014. All adverse events (AEs) reported during the study were recorded. The clinical and biological status of patients was monitored at least once a year. Results A total of 125 patients with homocystinuria (adults [> 18 years]: 50; paediatric [[less than or equai to]18 years]: 75) were enrolled at 29 centres in France and Spain. Patients were treated with betaine anhydrous for a mean duration of 7.4 [+ or -] 4.3 years. The median total daily dose of betaine anhydrous at the first and last study visits was 6 g/day for cystathionine [beta]-synthase (CBS)-deficient vitamin B6 responders and 9 g/day for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase-deficient patients, while the median daily dose increased in CBS-deficient B6 non-responders (from 6 to 9 g/day) and cobalamin metabolism-defective patients (from 3 to 6 g/day) between the first and last visits. Treatment caused a mean overall reduction of 29% in plasma homocysteine levels in the study population. A total of 277 AEs were reported during the study, of which two non-serious AEs (bad taste and headache) and one serious AE (interstitial lung disease) were considered to be drug related. Overall, betaine anhydrous was well tolerated with no major safety concerns. Conclusions Data from the RoCH registry provided real-world evidence on the clinical safety and efficacy of betaine anhydrous in the management of homocystinuria in paediatric and adult patients. Keywords: Betaine anhydrous, Efficacy, Homocystinuria, RoCH registry, Safety
Background The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane® – Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational, multi-centre, post-authorization safety study that aimed to identify safety of betaine anhydrous (Cystadane®) in the treatment of patients with inborn errors of homocysteine metabolism (homocystinuria) in order to minimise the treatment associated risks and establish better knowledge on its clinical use. The registry included patients of all ages with homocystinuria who were treated with betaine anhydrous in conjunction with other therapies. Clinical data were collected retrospectively from 2007 to 2013, then prospectively up to February 2014. All adverse events (AEs) reported during the study were recorded. The clinical and biological status of patients was monitored at least once a year. Results A total of 125 patients with homocystinuria (adults [> 18 years]: 50; paediatric [≤18 years]: 75) were enrolled at 29 centres in France and Spain. Patients were treated with betaine anhydrous for a mean duration of 7.4 ± 4.3 years. The median total daily dose of betaine anhydrous at the first and last study visits was 6 g/day for cystathionine β-synthase (CBS)-deficient vitamin B6 responders and 9 g/day for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase-deficient patients, while the median daily dose increased in CBS-deficient B6 non-responders (from 6 to 9 g/day) and cobalamin metabolism-defective patients (from 3 to 6 g/day) between the first and last visits. Treatment caused a mean overall reduction of 29% in plasma homocysteine levels in the study population. A total of 277 AEs were reported during the study, of which two non-serious AEs (bad taste and headache) and one serious AE (interstitial lung disease) were considered to be drug related. Overall, betaine anhydrous was well tolerated with no major safety concerns. Conclusions Data from the RoCH registry provided real-world evidence on the clinical safety and efficacy of betaine anhydrous in the management of homocystinuria in paediatric and adult patients.
Abstract Background The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane® – Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational, multi-centre, post-authorization safety study that aimed to identify safety of betaine anhydrous (Cystadane®) in the treatment of patients with inborn errors of homocysteine metabolism (homocystinuria) in order to minimise the treatment associated risks and establish better knowledge on its clinical use. The registry included patients of all ages with homocystinuria who were treated with betaine anhydrous in conjunction with other therapies. Clinical data were collected retrospectively from 2007 to 2013, then prospectively up to February 2014. All adverse events (AEs) reported during the study were recorded. The clinical and biological status of patients was monitored at least once a year. Results A total of 125 patients with homocystinuria (adults [> 18 years]: 50; paediatric [≤18 years]: 75) were enrolled at 29 centres in France and Spain. Patients were treated with betaine anhydrous for a mean duration of 7.4 ± 4.3 years. The median total daily dose of betaine anhydrous at the first and last study visits was 6 g/day for cystathionine β-synthase (CBS)-deficient vitamin B6 responders and 9 g/day for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase-deficient patients, while the median daily dose increased in CBS-deficient B6 non-responders (from 6 to 9 g/day) and cobalamin metabolism-defective patients (from 3 to 6 g/day) between the first and last visits. Treatment caused a mean overall reduction of 29% in plasma homocysteine levels in the study population. A total of 277 AEs were reported during the study, of which two non-serious AEs (bad taste and headache) and one serious AE (interstitial lung disease) were considered to be drug related. Overall, betaine anhydrous was well tolerated with no major safety concerns. Conclusions Data from the RoCH registry provided real-world evidence on the clinical safety and efficacy of betaine anhydrous in the management of homocystinuria in paediatric and adult patients.
The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane® - Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational, multi-centre, post-authorization safety study that aimed to identify safety of betaine anhydrous (Cystadane®) in the treatment of patients with inborn errors of homocysteine metabolism (homocystinuria) in order to minimise the treatment associated risks and establish better knowledge on its clinical use. The registry included patients of all ages with homocystinuria who were treated with betaine anhydrous in conjunction with other therapies. Clinical data were collected retrospectively from 2007 to 2013, then prospectively up to February 2014. All adverse events (AEs) reported during the study were recorded. The clinical and biological status of patients was monitored at least once a year.BACKGROUNDThe Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane® - Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational, multi-centre, post-authorization safety study that aimed to identify safety of betaine anhydrous (Cystadane®) in the treatment of patients with inborn errors of homocysteine metabolism (homocystinuria) in order to minimise the treatment associated risks and establish better knowledge on its clinical use. The registry included patients of all ages with homocystinuria who were treated with betaine anhydrous in conjunction with other therapies. Clinical data were collected retrospectively from 2007 to 2013, then prospectively up to February 2014. All adverse events (AEs) reported during the study were recorded. The clinical and biological status of patients was monitored at least once a year.A total of 125 patients with homocystinuria (adults [> 18 years]: 50; paediatric [≤18 years]: 75) were enrolled at 29 centres in France and Spain. Patients were treated with betaine anhydrous for a mean duration of 7.4 ± 4.3 years. The median total daily dose of betaine anhydrous at the first and last study visits was 6 g/day for cystathionine β-synthase (CBS)-deficient vitamin B6 responders and 9 g/day for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase-deficient patients, while the median daily dose increased in CBS-deficient B6 non-responders (from 6 to 9 g/day) and cobalamin metabolism-defective patients (from 3 to 6 g/day) between the first and last visits. Treatment caused a mean overall reduction of 29% in plasma homocysteine levels in the study population. A total of 277 AEs were reported during the study, of which two non-serious AEs (bad taste and headache) and one serious AE (interstitial lung disease) were considered to be drug related. Overall, betaine anhydrous was well tolerated with no major safety concerns.RESULTSA total of 125 patients with homocystinuria (adults [> 18 years]: 50; paediatric [≤18 years]: 75) were enrolled at 29 centres in France and Spain. Patients were treated with betaine anhydrous for a mean duration of 7.4 ± 4.3 years. The median total daily dose of betaine anhydrous at the first and last study visits was 6 g/day for cystathionine β-synthase (CBS)-deficient vitamin B6 responders and 9 g/day for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase-deficient patients, while the median daily dose increased in CBS-deficient B6 non-responders (from 6 to 9 g/day) and cobalamin metabolism-defective patients (from 3 to 6 g/day) between the first and last visits. Treatment caused a mean overall reduction of 29% in plasma homocysteine levels in the study population. A total of 277 AEs were reported during the study, of which two non-serious AEs (bad taste and headache) and one serious AE (interstitial lung disease) were considered to be drug related. Overall, betaine anhydrous was well tolerated with no major safety concerns.Data from the RoCH registry provided real-world evidence on the clinical safety and efficacy of betaine anhydrous in the management of homocystinuria in paediatric and adult patients.CONCLUSIONSData from the RoCH registry provided real-world evidence on the clinical safety and efficacy of betaine anhydrous in the management of homocystinuria in paediatric and adult patients.
ArticleNumber 66
Audience Academic
Author Eyer, Didier
Damaj, Léna
Maillot, François
Dalmau, Jaime
García-Cazorla, Angels
Couce, Maria L.
Hiéronimus, Sylvie
Levrat, Virginie
Rigalleau, Vincent
Touati, Guy
Nadjar, Yann
Cano, Aline
Aldamiz-Echevarria, Luis
Cathebras, Pascal
Peña-Quintana, Luis
Dobbelaere, Dries
Guffon, Nathalie
Brunet, Dominique
Martinez-Pardo Casanova, Mercedes
Valayannopoulos, Vassili
Schiff, Manuel
Gay, Claire
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Vassili
  orcidid: 0000-0003-3942-8234
  surname: Valayannopoulos
  fullname: Valayannopoulos, Vassili
  email: vassilival.boston@gmail.com
  organization: Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Sanofi Genzyme
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Manuel
  surname: Schiff
  fullname: Schiff, Manuel
  organization: Hôpital Robert Debré
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  givenname: Nathalie
  surname: Guffon
  fullname: Guffon, Nathalie
  organization: Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Yann
  surname: Nadjar
  fullname: Nadjar, Yann
  organization: Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Angels
  surname: García-Cazorla
  fullname: García-Cazorla, Angels
  organization: Hospital St Joan de Déu
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Mercedes
  surname: Martinez-Pardo Casanova
  fullname: Martinez-Pardo Casanova, Mercedes
  organization: Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Aline
  surname: Cano
  fullname: Cano, Aline
  organization: Center of Reference for Inborn Metabolic Disease, CHU La Timone
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Maria L.
  surname: Couce
  fullname: Couce, Maria L.
  organization: Hospital Clínico Universitario
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Jaime
  surname: Dalmau
  fullname: Dalmau, Jaime
  organization: Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Luis
  surname: Peña-Quintana
  fullname: Peña-Quintana, Luis
  organization: Hospital Universitario Materno-Infantil, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, CIBER OBN
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Vincent
  surname: Rigalleau
  fullname: Rigalleau, Vincent
  organization: Hôpital Haut Leveque
– sequence: 12
  givenname: Guy
  surname: Touati
  fullname: Touati, Guy
  organization: Hôpital des Enfants
– sequence: 13
  givenname: Luis
  surname: Aldamiz-Echevarria
  fullname: Aldamiz-Echevarria, Luis
  organization: Hospital Universitario Cruces-Osakidetza
– sequence: 14
  givenname: Pascal
  surname: Cathebras
  fullname: Cathebras, Pascal
  organization: CHU Hôpital Nord
– sequence: 15
  givenname: Didier
  surname: Eyer
  fullname: Eyer, Didier
  organization: CHU Hautepierre
– sequence: 16
  givenname: Dominique
  surname: Brunet
  fullname: Brunet, Dominique
  organization: CHU La Timone
– sequence: 17
  givenname: Léna
  surname: Damaj
  fullname: Damaj, Léna
  organization: CHU Hôpital Sud
– sequence: 18
  givenname: Dries
  surname: Dobbelaere
  fullname: Dobbelaere, Dries
  organization: Medical Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Jeanne de Flandre University Hospital and RADEME Research Team for Rare Metabolic and Developmental Diseases
– sequence: 19
  givenname: Claire
  surname: Gay
  fullname: Gay, Claire
  organization: CHU Hôpital Nord
– sequence: 20
  givenname: Sylvie
  surname: Hiéronimus
  fullname: Hiéronimus, Sylvie
  organization: Hôpital l’Archet
– sequence: 21
  givenname: Virginie
  surname: Levrat
  fullname: Levrat, Virginie
  organization: Centre Hospitalier Annecy Genevois
– sequence: 22
  givenname: François
  surname: Maillot
  fullname: Maillot, François
  organization: CHRU de Tours, Service de Médecine Interne, Université François Rabelais
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30871635$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
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Issue 1
Keywords Betaine anhydrous
RoCH registry
Efficacy
Homocystinuria
Safety
Language English
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Snippet Background The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane® – Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational, multi-centre,...
The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane® - Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational, multi-centre,...
The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane[R] - Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational, multi-centre,...
Background The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane[R] - Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational,...
Background The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane® – Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational, multi-centre,...
BACKGROUND: The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane(R) - Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational,...
Abstract Background The Registry of Adult and Paediatric Patients Treated with Cystadane® – Homocystinuria (RoCH) is a non-interventional, observational,...
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StartPage 66
SubjectTerms Adolescent
Adult
Amino acids
Betaine
Betaine - administration & dosage
Betaine - adverse effects
Betaine anhydrous
Care and treatment
Child
Child, Preschool
Defects
Edema
Efficacy
Endocrinology and metabolism
Female
France
Headache
Health aspects
Homocysteine
Homocysteine - blood
Homocystinuria
Homocystinuria - drug therapy
Human Genetics
Human health and pathology
Humans
Inborn errors of metabolism
Infant
Inherited metabolic diseases
Life Sciences
Lung diseases
Male
Medical prognosis
Medical research
Medical screening
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolism
Metabolites
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
NMR
Non-pharmacological intervention
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Patient monitoring equipment
Patients
Pediatrics
Pharmaceutical sciences
Pharmacology
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Plasma
Population studies
Rare diseases
Registries
Respiratory tract diseases
Retrospective Studies
Risk factors
RoCH registry
Safety
Santé publique et épidémiologie
Spain
Studies
Treatment Outcome
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B6
Young Adult
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Title Betaine anhydrous in homocystinuria: results from the RoCH registry
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