Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in an area of unrestricted viral circulation: Mass seroepidemiological screening in Castiglione d’Adda, Italy

Castiglione D’Adda is one of the municipalities more precociously and severely affected by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic in Lombardy. With our study we aimed to understand the diffusion of the infection by mass serological screening. We searched for SARS-C...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one Jg. 16; H. 2; S. e0246513
Hauptverfasser: Pagani, Gabriele, Giacomelli, Andrea, Conti, Federico, Bernacchia, Dario, Rondanin, Rossana, Prina, Andrea, Scolari, Vittore, Rizzo, Arianna, Beltrami, Martina, Caimi, Camilla, Gandolfi, Cecilia Eugenia, Castaldi, Silvana, Rivieccio, Bruno Alessandro, Buonanno, Giacomo, Marano, Giuseppe, Ottomano, Cosimo, Boracchi, Patrizia, Biganzoli, Elia, Galli, Massimo
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: United States Public Library of Science 24.02.2021
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Schlagworte:
Antibodies, Viral
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Biology and life sciences
Blood & organ donations
Chemiluminescence
Computer programs
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - blood
COVID-19 - diagnosis
COVID-19 - epidemiology
COVID-19 - transmission
COVID-19 Serological Testing
COVID-19 Serological Testing - methods
COVID-19 Serological Testing - statistics & numerical data
Cross-Sectional Studies
Demographic aspects
Editing
Epidemics
Epidemiology
Fatalities
Female
Heart attacks
Hospitalization
Humans
Immunoassays
Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Immunoglobulin M
Immunoglobulin M - blood
Infections
Integrated approach
Italy
Italy - epidemiology
Life Sciences
Male
Mass Screening
Mass Screening - methods
Medicine and health sciences
Methodology
Pediatrics
Pharynx
Polymerase chain reaction
Population
Prevalence
Research and Analysis Methods
Research facilities
Risk factors
RNA-directed DNA polymerase
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 - genetics
SARS-CoV-2 - pathogenicity
Seroepidemiology
Serology
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Signs and symptoms
Software
Viral diseases
Italy
Spain
ISSN:1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Zusammenfassung:Castiglione D’Adda is one of the municipalities more precociously and severely affected by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic in Lombardy. With our study we aimed to understand the diffusion of the infection by mass serological screening. We searched for SARS-CoV-2 IgGs in the entire population on a voluntary basis using lateral flow immunochromatographic tests (RICT) on capillary blood (rapid tests). We then performed chemioluminescent serological assays (CLIA) and naso-pharyngeal swabs (NPS) in a randomized representative sample and in each subject with a positive rapid test. Factors associated with RICT IgG positivity were assessed by uni- and multivariate logistic regression models. Out of the 4143 participants, 918 (22·2%) showed RICT IgG positivity. In multivariable analysis, IgG positivity increases with age, with a significant non-linear effect (p = 0·0404). We found 22 positive NPSs out of the 1330 performed. Albeit relevant, the IgG prevalence is lower than expected and suggests that a large part of the population remains susceptible to the infection. The observed differences in prevalence might reflect a different infection susceptibility by age group. A limited persistence of active infections could be found after several weeks after the epidemic peak in the area.
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PMCID: PMC7904134
Competing Interests: Medispa s.r.l. provided support in the form of salaries for authors RR and AP; Synlab s.p.a. provided support in the form of salaries for author CO. In particular none of the commercial funders (FC Internazionale Milano, Emporio Armani Olimpia Milano, SFD s.p.a. and Banca Mediolanum s.p.a.) had any role in data collection, analysis or intepretation; trial design; patient recruitment; or any aspect pertinent to the study, nor they have any commercial interest (e.g. consultancy, patents, products in development, marketed products, etc). This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
Equally contributing Senior Authors.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0246513